Table of Content

15 January 2024, Volume 50 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF SPORTS: SPORTS TEXTBOOKS AND DISCIPLINE DEVELOPMENT

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Generative History of Sport: Disciplinary Reflections on the "Sports History" Based on the Development of Textbooks WANG Guanghu 2024, 50 (1):  1-9.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.001 Abstract ( 241 )   PDF (1314KB) ( 980 )   Save The development of textbooks for sports history should, under the guidance of historical materialism, grasp the historical process and historical context of the generation of sport, clarify the historical motives and historical conditions of the generation of sport, and analyze the historical role and historical significance of the generation of sport, so as to produce a generative history that is in line with the nature of the discipline. However, in the existing textbooks on sports history, there is a tendency that should not be overlooked: the physical education attributes of sports history are overemphasized, and under the influence of the preconceived notion of sports the investigation and compilation of physical activities or physical behaviors have unconsciously weakened the real history of sports. In view of this, the current reflections on the discipline of "sports history" should take the textbooks of "sports history" as a starting point to be consciously oriented to historiography. Based on the historiographic ideas and the new historiographical theories, the deficiencies or shortcomings in textbooks should be reevaluated from the dimensions of textbook style and historical logic, historical time and key nodes, historical space and world history, new historiographic views and historical questioning. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Strengthening the Foundation while Pursuing Innovation to Collaboratively Promote the Establishment of a New Chapter in Physical Education Textbooks: Overview of the 2023 Symposium on the 37th Anniversary of the Publication of the Higher Education Edition of Exercise Physiology and the Teaching of Exercise Physiology DUAN Rui, WU Tao 2024, 50 (1):  10-16.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.002 Abstract ( 174 )   PDF (1239KB) ( 882 )   Save The development of textbooks for physical education courses has always been a focus in the development of school physical education for they have an important role in guiding discipline construction and talent cultivation. With the continuous emergence of new knowledge and new theories, as well as the changes in the learning habits of college students in the digital era, Exercise Physiology textbooks, as a core theoretical course in physical education, should update with the times. On November 17- 20 2023, the Symposium on the 37th anniversary of the publication of the Higher Education Edition of Exercise Physiology and the Teaching of Exercise Physiology was held in Guangzhou, Guangdong. This paper comprehensively reviews the symposium with a focus on disciplinary development and mission, ideological and political education in physical education courses, principles guiding the compilation of Exercise Physiology textbooks, and key challenges in course teaching in the new era. References | Related Articles | Metrics

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF SPORTS: NATIONAL FITNESS

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High-Quality Development of National Fitness in the New Era: Scientific Connotation, Problem Orientation and Practice Ideology LEI Zhengfang 2024, 50 (1):  17-26.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.003 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (1279KB) ( 960 )   Save National fitness is related to the people's happy and healthy life and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Its high-quality development is not only the premise of realizing the strategy of building a leading sports nation, but also the key to promoting the construction of a socialist modern country. Drawing on the new development concepts, this study comprehensively interprets the scientific connotation of high-quality development of national fitness, pointing out that innovation is the primary driving force for the high-quality development of national fitness, coordination is the internal requirement for the high-quality development of national fitness, going green is the basic form for the high-quality development of national fitness, opening up is the road that the high-quality development of national fitness must take, and sharing is the ultimate purpose of high-quality development of national fitness. The key issues in the high-quality development of national fitness include insufficient service supply, unbalanced development structure, incomplete ecological protection, closed internal or external linkage and insufficient sharing of results. Ideology to guide practice include the efficiency priority concept of innovating both policy and product, the system balance concept of complementing shortcomings and optimizing structure, the sustainable development concept of paying equal attention to improving understanding and controlling scale, the collaborative practice concept of opening up development and diversifying governance bodies, and people's livelihood concept of strengthening consensus and promoting integration. It is hoped that this study can provide enlightenment or reference for the theoretical research and practical development of national fitness. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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National Fitness Volunteerism in China: Achievements, Constraints and Promotion Strategies MA Dehao 2024, 50 (1):  27-34.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.004 Abstract ( 193 )   PDF (1251KB) ( 798 )   Save At present, China has made certain achievements in the construction of national fitness volunteerism, such as the gradual improvement of the volunteerism system and the rule of law, the formation of the multiple management system, the gradual construction of industry associations, and the increasing scale of talent teams. However, there are also some constraints to the extensive development of national fitness volunteerism, for example, the volunteerism system and the rule of law are still relatively general; guarantee is not sufficient; the organizational system of multiple management is not well coordinated, and is prone to form constraints; the industry associations are mainly administrative, lacking autonomy; the composition of talent teams is not structurally balanced, and the rate of volunteerism is unsatisfactory. In order to promote the development of national fitness volunteerism, firstly, pay attention to the development planning and design, and improve the supporting laws and regulations; secondly, strengthen the coordination of multi-sectoral departments and innovate the form of cooperation; thirdly, promote the reform of de-administration of industry associations and enhance their autonomy; fourthly, optimize the composition structure of talent teams and improve the rate of their volunteerism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF SPORTS: DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF SPORTS PARKS

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Analysis on the Spatial Distribution of Community Sports Culture Parks in Mountain Cities Based on Geographic Information Technology——Taking Chongqing as An Example YANG Lifang, HE Tao 2024, 50 (1):  35-43.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2023.09.09 Abstract ( 187 )   PDF (1491KB) ( 872 )   Save As an important field for the development of residents' physical and mental health, it is of great significance to study the spatial distribution and influencing factors of community sports culture parks. Taking Chongqing, a city with typical mountainous urban characteristics, as an example, the article uses the kernel density estimation method, the minimum resistance method, the spatial interpolation method and the geo-detector to conduct an in-depth analysis of 92 community sports culture parks. Chongqing community sports culture parks are mainly distributed in Yuzhong, Yubei, Nan'an, and the west of Ba'nan along the river. The overall distribution is coupled with urban development, and their spatial distribution characteristics are mainly affected by traffic accessibility, housing prices, population density and terrain, with traffic accessibility and housing prices having a significant impact, followed by population density and terrain. Finally, based on the conclusion, it is proposed to focus on regional development level to build multi-level community sports culture parks, adhere to the core concept of "people oriented" to build a "people friendly" community sports culture parks and with the unique urban form of mountainous cities to enrich the internal spatial structure of community sports culture parks. And providing important references for the planning of future community sports culture parks. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Sports Parks Enable the Construction of Chengdu Park Urban Demonstration Area to Practice the New Development Concept: Value Implication and Practice Path WANG Xiangyu, ZHANG Renren 2024, 50 (1):  44-52.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.006 Abstract ( 213 )   PDF (570KB) ( 792 )   Save Modernization characterized by harmonious coexistence of people and nature is a critical feature of Chinese development, aligned with Xi Jinping's vision of ecological civilization. This research offers a comprehensive analysis of Chengdu Park City Model Zone as a new paradigm for modern city development under Xi Jinping's ecological civilization approach. The study provides systematic reflections on urban development in the industrial and ecological eras, offering a positive response to the demand for modern, beautiful Chinese-style cities. New growth points in culture, sports, tourism, and business must be established for achieving a healthy and attractive urban environment with enhanced cultural influence. Synergizing "running the tournament, running the city, promoting the industry, and benefiting the people" is necessary to promote the construction of the "Park City Demonstration Zone". References | Related Articles | Metrics

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF SPORTS: RESEARCH ON POST-WINTER OLYMPICS TOPICS

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Promoting Employment through Winter Olympic Games: International Experience and China's Strategy ZHU Kaidi, MA Siyu, WANG Ying, WANG Yunchen 2024, 50 (1):  53-60.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.007 Abstract ( 167 )   PDF (1372KB) ( 824 )   Save Hosting the Winter Olympics is a rare development opportunity for the city of Zhangjiakou, and under the pressure of increasing economic downturn, it is urgent to solve the problem of how to promote the city's economic growth and alleviate the pressure of employment by means of the comprehensive benefits of the Winter Olympics. In view of this, the article discusses how to promote the employment of the host city through the Winter Olympics. Using the methods of literature review, mathematical statistics and comparative research, the article draws on the theories of labor economics and regional economics to study the special value and historical experience of promoting the employment of the host city through the Winter Olympics. Based on this, the article measures the contribution of the 2022 Winter Olympics to the direct employment in the city of Zhangjiakou City, and tries to put forward the employment promotion plan for the city of Zhangjiakou in the post-Winter Olympics era with a view to transforming the negative post-Winter Olympics "trough effect" into a positive "long-tail effect". References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Individual Perspective: Research on Media Consumption of Beijing Winter Olympics WANG Xiaomei, TANG Yuqing, GUO Qing 2024, 50 (1):  61-71.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.008 Abstract ( 184 )   PDF (1311KB) ( 870 )   Save Based on the individual perspective and using the use and satisfaction theory, a questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the media consumption behaviors and motives of Chinese audiences for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. The results show that: (1) aesthetic motivation is the main motivation for domestic audiences to consume media sports, and new media technology has become the available source of use and satisfaction; (2) audiences are their own "media managers" in the media consumption of the Winter Olympics, which highlights audience's initiative of choices and the combinability and diversity of media consumption modes; (3) Media technology, fans' identity, and attitude towards news coverage greatly influence Winter Olympics media consumption, and Olympic fans are independent of sports fans; (4) The media consumption behaviors of the audience in the Beijing Winter Olympics differ greatly from those in the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, but television remains the most widely used media. The findings of this study are not only instructive for understanding the audiences of major sports events, but also suggest on a practical level that the IOC and its related organizations should pay attention to the autonomous behavior of audiences in media consumption, develop differentiated marketing and content development strategies based on the segmentation of different fan identities, and continue to pay attention to the influence of television. References | Related Articles | Metrics

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF SPORTS: SPORTS LAW

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Legislation of Key, Emerging, and Foreign-related Sectors in Sports Development: Promoting the Construction of a Leading Sports Nation through High-Quality Sports Legislation JIANG Xi 2024, 50 (1):  72-82.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.009 Abstract ( 160 )   PDF (1301KB) ( 759 )   Save Strengthening the legislation of key, emerging and foreign-related sectors in the development of sports is a pivotal task in the rule of law in Chinese sports and an important guarantee for the construction of a leading sports nation. Using the methods of literature review and logical analysis, this paper discusses the strategic significance and fundamental principles of strengthening the legislation of key, emerging and foreign-related sectors in the development of sports, and the main contents regarding the legislation of key, emerging and foreign-related sectors in the development of sports. The study concludes that the legislation of key sectors in the development of sports should strengthen the legislation of national fitness protection, the supporting system of youth and school sports, competitive sports, sports industry promotion, professional sports, sports market supervision and regulation, and sports organization governance; the legislation of emerging sectors in the development of sports should highlight the legislation of digital sports, market competition, sports investment and financing, and fight against match manipulation; the legislation of foreign-related sports should focus on establishing a legal system to protect national interests in international sports activities, and establishing rule of law for various types of foreign-related sports affairs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Value Orientation and Rule Interpretation of CAS Legal Aid System under the Principle of Equality LIU Yun 2024, 50 (1):  83-92.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.010 Abstract ( 140 )   PDF (1285KB) ( 819 )   Save The principle of equality aims to narrow the gap between the power of both parties and emphasizes the "equality of arms" between both parties. Adhering to the philosophy of "access to CAS (Court of Arbitration for Sports) arbitration", legal aid is one way to practice the principle of equality. The purpose of the CAS legal aid system is to guarantee in arbitration the rights and interests of the economically disadvantaged parties, especially athletes. The specific regulations of the legal aid system concerning the participants, constituents and efficacy not only embody the principle of equality but also present a tendency to make legal aid a right for the disadvantaged and to integrate it into social security system. After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the development of legal aid in China features the expansion of the recipient groups and the diversification of ways of providing aid. Besides, legal aid has become the basic and pivotal part of the construction of the public legal service system. The construction of Chinese legal aid system for sports arbitration should take into consideration the blueprint for the modernization of public legal service system, learn from the international or other countries' sports dispute resolution mechanisms, adhere to the value of China's Sports Law and meet the systematic and purposive demand of sports arbitration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF SPORTS: MARTIAL ARTS CULTURE

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Virtue of Courage: The Fundamental Orientation of "Fostering Virtue through Education" in Chinese Wushu JIN Yuzhu 2024, 50 (1):  93-101.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.011 Abstract ( 218 )   PDF (1323KB) ( 1616 )   Save Fostering virtue through education is the fundamental task of education, and the most important thing to complete this task is to stick to the Chinese discourse of innovation, solid foundation and moral education. Using the methods of literature and logical analysis, this paper takes Wushu education in the new era as the starting point to examine the virtue of courage from the perspective of virtue cultivation. The research concludes that as a kind of life energy, virtue of courage in Wushu does not have a fixed form of courage, but exhibits the subject's virtue of acting bravely for justice and shouldering responsibilities. It is in fact a virtue of "relying on oneself rather than others" through perfecting one's wisdom and benevolence. By injecting "benevolence", "righteousness" and "rituals" into the natural courage of personality and behavior, the virtue of courage gradually evolves into a moral virtue and becomes a life spirit of ultimate existence. As the fundamental orientation of Wushu education, virtue of courage has the following implications: in moral dimension, it embodies the ideology of "dare to straight oneself and do one's will"; in life dimension, it embodies the strength of "noble and brave spirit";in value dimension, it embodies the virtue of "keeping aloof and helping the world". The contemporary enlightenment of Wushu courage lies in reconstructing the ontological cognition of Wushu that "body is the starting point of education for growth", consolidating the ideology of Wushu education that "sharpens the mind and toughens the body", and fostering the fertile ground of Wushu education that "interweaves hero image into daily life". References | Related Articles | Metrics

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From "Kung Fu Life" to "The Way of Martial Arts": 50 Years of Bruce Lee Research LIU Hong, DAI Guobin, YUE Tao 2024, 50 (1):  102-111.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2023.12.13 Abstract ( 159 )   PDF (1296KB) ( 848 )   Save By utilizing literature review and logical analysis methods, this paper traces and sorts out the 50-year history (1973-2023) of Bruce Lee research. It has been discovered that both domestic and international studies on Bruce Lee mainly focus on three areas: "Life history," "Film," and "Martial arts." These studies have gradually evolved from "Kung Fu Life" to "The Way of Martial Arts," demonstrating a diverse and multi-faceted research landscape. Among them, life history research centered around Bruce Lee's martial arts practice is relatively prominent, highlighting its narrative, entertaining, and mass appeal aspects. In the field of Bruce Lee film research, the paper discusses the interactivity and multiplicity between "martial arts in films" and "films on martial arts," elucidating Bruce Lee's connection with the international dissemination of Chinese martial arts and the formation of Chinese cultural images. Martial arts research tends to explore the history and logic behind Bruce Lee's "Wing Chun" and "Jeet Kune Do," as well as interpret and clarify his martial arts philosophy, reflecting a fragmented and niche approach. Looking forward, Bruce Lee research needs to delve deeper and become more systematic. By comprehensively understanding and exploring Bruce Lee's Kung Fu practice, the paper aims to deeply analyze the core principles of his martial arts philosophy, unveil the technical and logical aspects of Chinese martial arts culture, which is not only necessary for inheriting and promoting excellent Chinese martial arts culture but also an mission of the Era for writing a confident Chinese martial arts cultural narrative. References | Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS TRAINING AND HUMAN BODY

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A Health Economic Analysis of the Inclusion of Exercise Referral Services in Healthcare Priorities LIU Guohun, CAO Chunmei, MA Xindong, ZHANG Xianbo, WANG Zhengzhen 2024, 50 (1):  112-121.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.013 Abstract ( 143 )   PDF (1312KB) ( 865 )   Save Exercise referral services have received WHO recommendations and are becoming a global public health priority. Integration of exercise into the healthcare system in China has not yet received policy priority and may be constrained by insufficient health economics evidence. A systematic review of studies on the global burden of disease of physical inactivity revealed that (1) prevalence. the prevalence of physical inactivity in China increased by 7.93% from 2010-2018; (2) health burden. the number of deaths attributable to physical inactivity in China from 1990-2019 increased by 3.24 times, disability-adjusted life expectancy (DALE) increased 2.64 times per year, life expectancy loss (LES) increased 2.89 times per year, and disability life expectancy loss (DALE) increased 2.56 times per year, and the health burden has continued to grow over the past nearly 30 years;(3)Economic burden.In 2020-2030, the 12 common NCDs attributed to insufficient physical activity will generate 45,170,100 cases, resulting in a total cost of 3669.45 billion RMB for healthcare and healthcare;(4)Macroeconomic gains.The cumulative minimal economic gains from addressing insufficient physical activity in China in 2020-2050 are expected to be to be 4.14 trillion yuan, and the maximum gain is expected to be 15.01 trillion RMB. These data provide health economics evidence for the inclusion of exercise referral services as a healthcare priority in China, but elevating the policy priority will require (1)an independent measure of the burden of disease of physical inactivity in China to provide reliable evidence for healthcare policy;(2)the inclusion of exercise referral as a priority policy for the management of non-communicable diseases in China;(3)the establishment of a mechanism for referral to exercise and the inclusion of exercise referral services in the catalogue of healthcare services. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Influencing Factors of Evolution of Competitive Sports on Provincial Level since the 21st Century CHEN Rui, HUANG Gaoduan, LIU Yongfeng 2024, 50 (1):  122-131.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.014 Abstract ( 163 )   PDF (3710KB) ( 914 )   Save By using the methods of Dagum Gini coefficient, Kernel density estimation and secondary assignment procedure, this paper systematically explores the differentiation characteristics, temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of the development level of provincial competitive sports in China in the 21st century, which is of great practical significance for improving the unbalanced development of provincial competitive sports in China. The purpose of this study is to provide a judgment basis for improving the uneven development of competitive sports in China's provinces and formulating relevant improvement measures. The results show that: 1) the overall regional differences of competitive sports in China are weakening, and the regional differences are extremely difficult problems at present; 2) The phenomenon of multi-polarization and imbalance in the development of competitive sports in China is serious, and the overall situation is "one main body and two small sides". Suggestions: improve the development system and build a new system of balanced and coordinated development of competitive sports; Deepen regional integration, tap new strategies for regional supply and utilization of competitive sports resources; Innovate talent training and explore a new path of efficient and sustainable competitive sports talent training. References | Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS TRAINING AND HUMAN BODY: QUANTITATIVE EXERCISE LOAD

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Application of Session RPE in Scientific Training of Youth Football Players GAO Jiuxiang, YU Liang 2024, 50 (1):  132-142.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.015 Abstract ( 191 )   PDF (3641KB) ( 895 )   Save Objective: To summarize and analyze the current research on the use of Session RPE (sRPE) on youth football players, with the aim of determining the scope of application of sRPE in youth football teams, and to help youth football teams to conduct scientific and digital training in a low-cost and convenient way under the background of "integration of sports and education". Methods: The research literature was searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI, Wanfang by using the keywords of "football", "sRPE", and "youth". The quality of the included cohort study and randomized controlled trial was evaluated by the amount of NOS and the improved PEDro scoring system. Result: 41 articles and 42 studies were included, of which 3 were randomized controlled studies, and the quality evaluation scores were all 16 points; There are 39 cohort studies, and the average score of quality evaluation is 6.87 points. The current research directions on the use of sRPE on youth football players are: testing the effectiveness of sRPE, monitor training or competition load through sRPE, analyzing the application of sRPE during recovery, comparing the relationship between sRPE and sport performance, and a model of sRPE and injury was constructed to determine the potential relationship. Conclusion: For youth teams, sRPE can be used as a simple and personalized way to assess training load, which can be used by Borg CR10 or Borg CR100 scales 10~30 minutes after training. For young football players, ①sRPE can be used to monitor various training loads, provide a basis for coaches to rationally arrange training plans, and prevent overtraining or injury; ② sRPE can be used as a reference when assessing fatigue and recovery of youth football players; ③ When improving the aerobic performance of young football players, coaches can formulate or adjust training plans with players' sRPE. There is insufficient evidence to prove the relationship between sRPE and explosive sport performance, ④ sRPE can not accurately predict injury in youth football players. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reliability and Validity of Session Rating of Perceived Exertion and Methodological Influencing Factors GU Zhengqiu, LI Yongming 2024, 50 (1):  143-151.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2023.10.17 Abstract ( 174 )   PDF (1610KB) ( 892 )   Save Session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) is a method to quantify training load by evaluating perceived exertion/fatigue during exercise. Despite the poor scorer reliability, the retest reliability of sRPE is high. SRPE has high validity in different sports, gender and age. Collection method, number of training groups, caffeine, ambient temperature, tactile sensation, mental fatigue and circadian rhythm all have effects on sRPE. It is suggested to use CR10 scale in horizontal and vertical use, collect RPE of athletes within 5-30min after exercise, and include all preparation activities, main course training and finishing activities into the exercise duration. The factors, which cannot be controlled but have an impact, should be recorded in detail and referred to in the later analysis process. Future studies could further explore the value of sRPE in injury prevention and performance improvement. References | Related Articles | Metrics

FEATURE COLUMN: SPORTS HISTORY

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Review and Prospect of the Academic History of Chinese Ancient Military Examination System Research in the Past Century WANG Dongdong, LV Yiang 2024, 50 (1):  152-159.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.017 Abstract ( 182 )   PDF (1248KB) ( 832 )   Save Ancient military examination system, originated in China, is a product of Chinese civilization with world influence. By the methods of literature, this paper reviews and analyzes the research on Chinese ancient military examination system in the past 100 years. The results show that it has experienced four periods: starting, lagging, faltering and falling, but there are still some problems, such as the research force group is weak and lack of follow-up support; The research method is simply transplanted and lack of historical research; The scope of research is too narrow and lack of international perspective;The research results are outdated and lack of application value. The future research needs to cultivate the team in groups and devote themselves to learning; In terms of methods, it is necessary to identify historical materials and integrate disciplines; In the field of vision, we need to be based on domestic and look at the world; In terms of achievements, we need to be practical and serve the times. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Historical Evolution Process of Military Sports in Western Europe from 13th to 18th Century GONG Mingjun, WANG Wei 2024, 50 (1):  160-168.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.01.018 Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (1282KB) ( 764 )   Save With the evolution of military fence in Western Europe from the 13th to 18th centuries as the main line of research, by applying methods such as history analysis and literature research, the paper probes into the course of transition of military fence in Western Europe. The study finds that Western European military fence has experienced three forms of evolution: militarization, citizenization, and sportification. The militarized form of Western European military fence is closely related to war. Later, due to the emergence of firearms and the joint advancement of the Renaissance and religious reforms, military fence were carried out by immigrants on the battlefield. Under the influence of the new education system of the bourgeoisie and the industrial revolution, the Western European military fence has evolved into a sports event that emphasizes rules and fair competition. The concepts that Western European military fence uphold at different stages are the internal driving force that drives them to complete historical transformation. During the evolution process, the gradual respect for people shown in the military fence has laid the ideological foundation for the western sports humanistic values. The extensive absorption of the achievements of natural science has helped to form the modern sports spirit. The spontaneous use of rules and the establishment of organizations provide institutional reference for the modern transformation of western sports. The rich technical system provides a technical source for the diversified development of western fighting. References | Related Articles | Metrics

FEATURE COLUMN: PHD RESEARCH COLUMN

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History, Experience and Inspiration of Building Shanghai into a World Famous Sports City through Large-scale Sports Events ——Taking the Shanghai Rowing Event as an Example MI Zhongwei, ZHANG Sheng 2024, 50 (1):  169-174.  doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2023.09.12 Abstract ( 193 )   PDF (1225KB) ( 801 )   Save Using the methods of literature review, field investigation and case study, this paper takes the Shanghai rowing event as a case to study and analyze the process and experience of building Shanghai into a world famous sports city through large-scale sports events from the temporal-spatial dimension, and draws inspirations thereby. The research reviewed the rowing events in China and found that the development of rowing in China can be roughly divided into two stages: the initial stage (1852-1949) and the comprehensive development stage (1949 to present). In addition, the development of modern rowing in China has benefited from the combination of top-down policy support and bottom-up mass participation. The success of Shanghai rowing event has brought the following experience: (1) integration with urban landscape; (2) rational use of urban space; (3) integration of city (body) and sport (soul); (4) creation of new brands of the city; (5) panoramic three-dimensional new image of the city; (6) improvement of social benefits; (7) innovations and unique features in building Shanghai into a world famous sports city. On this basis, the research draws the following inspirations: first, provide sports events that people need to balance the contradiction between sports supply and demand; second, explore the development mode of sports events with local characteristics; third, establish sports events- "embedded" urban development mechanism; fourth, maintain the balance between time and space of large-scale events communication; fifth, make use of city-specific landscape to create new brands for city sports events. References | Related Articles | Metrics