Table of Content

20 June 2014, Volume 40 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

EXPERT FORUM

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Discussion on the Implementation of Strengthening Physical Education Curriculum and Extracurricular Activity LIU Hai-Yuan, TANG Ji-Ping 2014, 40 (6):  1-7.  Abstract ( 621 )   PDF (1268KB) ( 2224 )   Save Based on the Decision of the CCCPC on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform, physical education and extracurricular activities should be strengthened to promote young people's mental and physical health. This paper points out that we should create the better top-level design, perfect management system of school P.E, guarantee the rate of P.E and extracurricular activity, persist in the implementation of sunshine sport, and strengthen the security construction, etc. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Model of Perfecting Elite Sport Talent Cultivation throughthe Combination of Training and Education CHEN Ning, et al 2014, 40 (6):  8-16.  Abstract ( 599 )   PDF (984KB) ( 2119 )   Save It is the correct route for China’s competitive sports development to perfect the model of elite sport talent cultivation through the combination of sports and education. It is essential to clarify the combination of sports and education in terms of its connotation, structure and features, forms and levels, fundamental principles and influencing factor in theory. We should provide forward-looking and operable proposals based on the current problems existing in the present model so as to solve these problems and to implement the new mechanism of the combination of sports and education by adopting the corresponding new measures. Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS SOCIAL SCIENCE

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Multi Functions of Large-scale Venues in the Construction of Public Sports Service System LI Sheng-xin 2014, 40 (6):  17-21.  Abstract ( 648 )   PDF (909KB) ( 2072 )   Save Public sports service system is an important component in the construction of China’s public service system. Large-scale Venues, as the basic structure and main carrier of sports public service system, play a vital role in the construction of China’s public service system. They can provide venue and facility services, fitness-guiding services, national physique monitoring services, information services, cultural services, sports organizations and emergency services. To make good use of these large venues’ function, service standardization and government procurement services are the main tasks that should be strengthened in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution of China’s Professional Athletes’ Salary System and Its Reform TAI Feng, et al 2014, 40 (6):  22-26.  Abstract ( 815 )   PDF (919KB) ( 2199 )   Save The main body of China’s competitive sports is made up of professional athletes due to the special national conditions and the limitations of the development of the times. The restructuring of public institution sectors has enabled most professional to step out of the restrictions of planned economy and to gradually become marketized. As a result, athletes’ salary has transformed from the former post salary system to the one of performance system. However, this process is doomed to be a long and difficult one. Through literature method, logic reasoning method, the paper analyzes the current status of professional athletes’ payment system so as to find out problems and suggest the corresponding countermeasures. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Development of Community Sports by Government Purchase of Public Sevices——a case study of "Social Workers and Sport Volunteers" mode CHEN Guang-Yong, et al 2014, 40 (6):  27-31.  Abstract ( 678 )   PDF (1027KB) ( 2272 )   Save From the perspective of government purchase of public services, the paper is to explore the mode of social workers +sport volunteers so as to effectively integrate the resources of social workers and volunteers and to provide new research method for the establishment and development of community sports public service system. In the paper, three social service agencies and six communities that have bought public services are investigated. It is believed that the mode of social workers+volunteers is not only conducive to effectively integrating community public services but also to establishing a sustainable community sports management mode. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sport Involvement of Community Residents from the Perspective of Social Stratification——Based on the empirical investigation of east Guangdong TIAN Xue-li, ZHOU Jin-guo 2014, 40 (6):  32-35.  Abstract ( 750 )   PDF (901KB) ( 2035 )   Save Using literature research, questionnaire survey, statistical analysis methods, and based on the theory of "ten class division", sport involvement of community residents in the east Guangdong was investigated from the perspective of social stratification. The results show that: nearly half of community residents enjoy a higher degree of sports awareness and half of them like sports with a significant difference in terms of sports awareness and emotion for different social stratifications. Sports population of community residents in this area amounts to 23.7% with a significant difference in sports cognition and emotion according to different social stratifications. These residents’ sports consumption averages 513.4 yuan with a significant difference between different social classes. Related Articles | Metrics

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School Sports’ Role in Japan’s Meiji Rise LIU Chunyan , et al 2014, 40 (6):  36-41.  Abstract ( 641 )   PDF (933KB) ( 2270 )   Save This paper adopts literature method to analyze the role of school sports in Japan’s turning process from a weak and feudal country to a capitalist power in the Meiji period, believing that school sports constitutes a vital part in Japan’s modern education in the Meiji period and it is an important means to pre-military education. Besides, it also improved its national physique on the whole. School sports can be described as an important measure to enrich the country and increase its military force, which plays a significant role in turning the country into a world power. Related Articles | Metrics

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Historical Evolution and Modern Inheritance of Wu-Yue Folk Sports——a Case Study of Haiyan Rolling Lamp in Northern Zhejiang YI Bao-hong, WANG Min-jian 2014, 40 (6):  42-45.  Abstract ( 795 )   PDF (902KB) ( 2227 )   Save Based on cultural anthropology theory and from the perspective of perspective of social changes and cultural ecology, the paper conducts a case study of Haiyan rolling lamp in order to explore the way of heritance, cultural ecology and protection strategies of Wu-Yue folk sports. The research reveals that the traditional and natural way of spreading Wu-Yue folk sports is faced with inheritance crisis. Therefore, on the basis of protecting the "original ecology" of Wu-Yue folk sports, we should pay attention to the overall protection of Wu-Yue folk cultural ecology and innovate it from the content and function in order for it to adapt to the requirements of modern culture and to reshape the sense of cultural identity of regional culture. Such undertakings will surely result in a win-win prospect in protecting the cultural heritage of folk sports and promoting cultural construction of new countryside. Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS TEACHING AND TRAINING THERORY AND PRACTICE

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Experimental Research on Muscle Elastic Components of the Effects of Vibration Training LIU Bei-Xiang, et al 2014, 40 (6):  46-50.  Abstract ( 674 )   PDF (1727KB) ( 2412 )   Save The research divides 32 subjects into three experimental groups to conduct an 8-week experiment of muscle strength of lower limbs through vibration training. The research uses image measurement and dynamic measurement to collects data of net impulse, rebound height and rebound ratio before and after the experiment in 30cm and 50cm-depth jumping. The results show that the group of weight deep squat vibration increases most, the group of half weight squat static vibration follows and the group of squat vibration ranks last. The analysis shows that vibration training is mainly to promote the elastic component lower limb muscles to improve the muscle strength. Comparative analysis of the two kinds of data indicates that the ability of energy storage of lower limb muscle affects the use of force. The capacity of energy storage in vibration experiment group of lower extremity muscle is much better than non vibration experimental group. Related Articles | Metrics

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Theory and Practice of the High Level Sprint Training Based on Precise Split Time XING Yu 2014, 40 (6):  51-56.  Abstract ( 828 )   PDF (996KB) ( 2285 )   Save The sprint level between domestic and foreign athletes demonstrates a big difference, the reason of which is varied. According to the analysis, the main factor restricting Chinese athletes’ performance is energy and its distribution in various segments of the body. Unlike middle-distance, we must rely on precise split-time technology to comprehend the speed - energy variations. Each stage of the sprint process is a part of the whole, each part is mutual restraint of others and every part has its best record. The simple pursuit of the optimal state will not help the final phase, but the result may be counterproductive. Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS SCIENCE OF HUMAN BODY

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Association between the rs1787997 Polymorphism in FECH Gene and Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Men of Han Nationality in Northern China XU Ya-li, et al 2014, 40 (6):  57-61.  Abstract ( 686 )   PDF (1054KB) ( 2109 )   Save Objective: To investigate the association between the rs1787997 polymorphism of FECH gene and left ventricular structure and function, and explore the feasibility that SNP rs1787997 has as genetic mark for predicting the effect of aerobic endurance training in men of Han nationality in Northern China. Methods: 102 healthy young male soldiers of Han Nationality in Northern China were recruited to undergo 18-week 5000m running with the intensity of 95%-105% anaerobic threshold with 3 times a week. Left ventricular structure and function parameters under different loads were measured before and after protocol. The PCR-RFLP and gene sequencing was used to analyze the distribution of this polymorphism. The association of the polymorphism with initial endurance capacity and endurance training response was analyzed. Results:(1)Before 18-week 5000m running, the initial mean value of the inter ventricular septal wall thickness systolic(IVSS), left ventricular posterior wall systolic(PWS), cardiac cycle(T) under 100W load in CG genotype were significantly higher than in CC or GG genotype(P <0.05).(2)After 18-week 5000m running, the increased degree of cardiac cycle(T) under 150W load and recovery in CG genotype was significantly higher than in GG genotype (P <0.05). Conclusion: In the rs1787997 polymorphism of FECH Gene, CC genotype has not only initial genetic advantage, but also higher training response in cardiac structure and function to aerobic training, and it could be the genetic marker in predicting endurance training response. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of aerobic exercise of different periods on rats brain aging and expression of NCAM gene in frontal lobe LIN Xue-ling, et al 2014, 40 (6):  62-67.  Abstract ( 618 )   PDF (1400KB) ( 2277 )   Save Objective: Aging SD rats induced by injection of D-Galactose were intervened by aerobic exercise ahead of aging and during aging to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on brain aging and expression level of NCAM in frontal lobe. Methods: 60 3-month-old male SD rats were randomly divided into groups SD(aerobic exercise ahead of aging group), ND(aging group), NNa(saline control group) and NDs(aerobic exercise during aging group), n=15. SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA contents in cerebral cortex were determined. Expression level of NCAM in frontal lobe was determined by real-time PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: Group ND, compared with group NNa rats, revealed a lot of obvious aging signs, such as lethargy, loss of appetite, slowness, curly brown hair and shedding; SOD and GSH-Px activity of group ND rats were significantly lower than group NNa(P<0.01), MDA content was significantly more than that of group NNa(P<0.01), SOD and GSH-Px activity and MDA content of group ND rats had no significant difference from group ND(P>0.05), SOD and GSH-Px activity of group NDs rats were very significantly higher than those of group ND(P<0.01), MDA content was significantly less than that of group ND(P<0.01); mRNA and protein expression level of NCAM gene in frontal lobe of group ND rats were significantly lower than those of group NNa(P<0.01). Compared with group ND, mRNA and protein expression level of NCAM gene in frontal lobe of group SD rats had no significant difference (P>0.05) while mRNA and protein expression level of NCAM gene in frontal lobe of group NDs rats were significantly higher than those of group ND(P<0.01. Immunoreactivities of NCAM in frontal lobe were brown, mainly located in neuronal cytoplasm beside the granular cells. Conclusion: Injection of D-galactose induced brain aging model rats successful; Aerobic exercise ahead of aging did not have a favorable impact on brain aging and aerobic exercise during aging showed an effective impact on delaying brain aging; Aerobic exercise ahead of aging did not have a favorable impact on expression level of NCAM in frontal lobe and aerobic exercise during aging could significantly increase expression level of NCAM in frontal lobe. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Wuqinxi and Zhanzhuang on Knee Flexor and Extensor Strength and WOMAC Scores of Female Patients with KOA TU Ping, LIAO Yuan-peng 2014, 40 (6):  68-71.  Abstract ( 888 )   PDF (1128KB) ( 2273 )   Save Objective: 40 female patients with KOA were selected to do the exercise of Wuqinxi and Zhanzhuang( standing exercise) and the changes of the flexor and extensor strength and clinical symptoms of the knee joint were recorded to learn about the effect of the two training methods on the patients. Method: 40 female patients with KOA were randomly divided into the Wuqinxi group(n=20) and the Zhanzhuang group(n=20), and a 16-week exercise of Wuqinxi and Zhanzhuang was conducted. The peak torque (PT) and total work(TW) of the affected knee were obtained by the isokinetic testing system, while the level of pain, stiffness, dysfunction, by WOMAC scale. Results: After the experiment, the peak torque(PT) and total work(TW) in both groups were improved compared with those of pre experiment, and The Wuqinxi group indicated a bigger improvement in PT and TW. The WOMAC scores went down in both groups after the experiment, and the score of pain, dysfunction and the total score were lower in the Wuqinxi group with a statical significance. Conclusion: Wuqinxi and Zhanzhuang could improve the quadriceps strength of female patients with KOA and reduce the effect of pain, stiffness and dysfunction and so on. Wuqinxi demonstrated a smooth and comprehensive influence on the knee’s flexor and extensor strength of female patients with KOA when compared with Zhanzhuang and it is helpful for relieving pain and reducing dysfunction. Related Articles | Metrics

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

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Development Process and Positioning of China’s Sports Universities MA Zhao-Ming 2014, 40 (6):  72-78.  Abstract ( 691 )   PDF (1051KB) ( 2249 )   Save With the implementation of reform policy of higher education in China, the positioning and development concepts of sports universities have been adjusted correspondingly. The paper, by reviewing the features and original intentions of China’s sports universities, analyzes the operation features, concepts and development ideas of sports universities so as to explore the problems in the operation of sports universities and to come up with the corresponding strategies for sustainable development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation and Analysis of Middle School PE Teachers’ Care about the Development of the New Curriculum Implementation Based on the CBAM Theory CHANG De-sheng 2014, 40 (6):  79-84.  Abstract ( 626 )   PDF (925KB) ( 2139 )   Save Using the methods of literature material, questionnaire survey, on-the-spot investigation, the implementation degree of middle school PE teachers’ new curriculum is researched based on the CBAM theory. The research results show that the current middle school PE teacher’s curriculum implementation is not ideal, with 3.5% of them being at the awareness stage, 35.9% at the information/personal stage, 9.8% at the operation stage, 30.1% at the results/cooperation stage and 20.7% at of the focus stage. PE teachers’ biggest concern is at the information/personal care development stage. There exist certain differences with demographic characteristics in middle schools PE teachers’ curriculum implementation degree. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation System of College PE Teachers' Professional Quality ZHU Xiu-qing, ZHANG Huan 2014, 40 (6):  85-90.  Abstract ( 649 )   PDF (1142KB) ( 2293 )   Save In order to construct the evaluation system of college PE teachers' professional quality, 420 colleges PE teachers of Zhejiang Province are surveyed to construct the structural model of college PE teachers' professional quality from the four aspects of psychological quality, special qualities, moral quality and cultural qualities. The results show that the evaluation system is composed of 4 second-order factors, 11 first-order factors and 38 outcome measures. The specific weight of moral qualities and special qualities is larger in the second-order factors. Moreover, the specific weight of devotion to students and career is arger in the first-order factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Classifications of Risk Factors in Sports Management in Universities XIAO Xu, YANG Ke 2014, 40 (6):  91-94.  Abstract ( 861 )   PDF (893KB) ( 2179 )   Save This paper analyzes the main risks in university sports management based on the current situation and classifies the risk factors in the management reasonably and scientifically, with the purpose to set up an all-round and systematic understanding of the risk factors in the management. It also aims to lay the foundation for improving the level of risk awareness in sports management in universities, strengthening the ability to recognize risks, improving the standard of precautionary measures in risks as well as promoting the level of risk management and the competence of dealing with emergencies. Related Articles | Metrics