体育电影与国家形象的建构——基于《黑色闪电》(Race)及其史实的考察

doi:10.15942/j.jcsu.2024.03.017

Abstract

Abstract: Movie, as a literary text, expresses a specific historical mentality by constructing images and scenes. Sports movies, which combine the popular texts of both sports and movies, attract the public with their dual universality, and construct historical identity through watching. The American sports biographical movie, Race, restores the legendary historical event of Jesse Owens, a black American athlete who won four gold medals in Nazi Germany and became a "national hero" in the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games. The movie constructs the anti-Nazism image of the American authorities in both narrative and text. Taking historical documents as the basis, and combining the real history of the 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics, this study compares and analyzes the differences and similarities between the historical situations and scenes in the movie and the facts in reality, trying to restore the truth, generalize the logical relationship between the construction of historical discourse and the re-construction of ideology, and reveal the hypocritical anti-Nazism and racial equality in American history, and the political motivation for the reconstruction of history in the movie.

Key words: sports film, Olympics, racial equality, anti-Nazism

CLC Number:

G80-054

DING Kefan, HUO Chuansong. Sports Movies and the Construction of National Image: An Examination Based on Race and Its Historical Facts[J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2024, 50(3): 134-142.

References

[1] 黄璐.体育电影中的历史真实——以《绝杀慕尼黑》为中心的考察[J].体育学刊,2020,27(4):49-55.
[2] 爱德华·霍尔. 无声的语言[M]. 何道宽,译. 北京:北京大学出版社,2010:15.
[3] 罗盛桥.《绝杀慕尼黑》与《冰上奇迹》意识形态对比研究[D]. 武汉:武汉体育学院,2021:32.
[4] 李磊. 体育电影对体育本质的表达及其社会功能的靶点[D]. 上海:华东师范大学,2011:11.
[5] 李志方.跨文化传播与体育电影塑造国家形象研究[J].电影文学,2022(20): 52-55.
[6] 杨君. 体育电影中的性别与文化认同——以《舞出我人生》为例[J]. 体育研究与教育,2017,32(2):31-34.
[7] 吴金娥. 美国好莱坞电影的文化认同意识[J]. 电影文学,2017(3):30-32.
[8] SCHWARTZ, L. Owens Pierced a Myth [EB/OL].(2000-07-06)[2023-10-01].http://espn.go.com/sportscentury/features/00016393.html, 2000-07-06.
[9] SHENKMAN, R. Adolf Hitler, Jesse Owens and the Olympics Myth of 1936[EB/OL].(2002-02-13)[2023-10-01].hnn.us/articles/571.html, 2002-02-13.
[10] Owens Arrives With Kind Words For All Officials[N]. The Pittsburgh Press, 1936-08-24(62).
[11] SCHAAP, J. Triumph: the untold story of Jesse Owens and Hitler's Olympics[M]. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co, 2007: 194.
[12] Owens Weighs His Pro Offers[N]. The Baltimore Sun, 1936-08-18(10).
[13] Owens Nearly Mobbed As He Speaks Here[N]. The Afro American, 1936-10-18(24).
[14] FOLSOM, B W. New deal or raw deal?: How FDR's economic legacy has damaged america[M].New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009: 210.
[15] THOMAS S. Jesse Owens[M]. Minneapolis: lerner pub group, 2005: 70.
[16] Owens Jumps into Political Ring[N]. The McDowell Times,1936-9-34(33).
[17] International Olympic Committee. Olympic Charter [Z]. 2023-10: 16-19.
[18] United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Nazification of sport [EB/OL].(2013-06-07)[2023-10-01]. http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/olympics/detail.php?content=sports, 2013-06-07.
[19] United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The Nazi Olympics Berlin 1936[EB/OL].(2018-05-02) [2023-10-01]. https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-nazi-olympics-berlin-1936, 2018-05-02.
[20] KASS, D A. The issue of racism at the 1936 olympics[J]. Journal of Sport History, 1976, 3(3): 223-235.
[21] United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The Movement to Boycott the Berlin Olympics of 1936 [EB/OL].(2014-02-02) [2023-10-01]. https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-movement-to-boycott-the-berlin-olympics-of-1936, 2014-02-02.
[22] MARVIN, C. Avery brundage and american participation in the 1936 Olympic Games[J]. Journal of American Studies, 1982, 16(1): 81-105.
[23] Jewish Virtual Library. The Nazi Party: The Nazi Olympics [EB/OL].(2015-11-16) [2023-10-10]. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-nazi-olympics-august-1936, 2015-11-16.
[24] Library of Congress. NAACP: A Century in the Fight for Freedom [EB/OL].(2023-03-29) [ 2023-10-01]. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/naacp/index.html, 2023-03-29.
[25] Jewish Labor Committee. 1936: Anti-Nazi World Labor Athletic Carnival Held in NYC [EB/OL].(2016-08-1) [2023-10-01]. http://www.jewishlaborcommittee.org/2016/08/august_1516_1936_antinazi_worl.html, 2016-08-16.
[26] ENTINE, J. Taboo: why black athletes dominate sports and why we are afraid to talk about it[M]. New York: Public Affairs, 2000: 187.
[27] From horse-racer to Speech Writer: Jesse Owens’ life after the Olympic Games [EB/OL].(2021-03-30) [2023-10-01]. https://olympics.com/en/news/from-horse-racer-to-speech-writer-jesse-owens-life-after-the-olympic-games, 2021-03-30.
[28] Hang the Jew [EB/OL].(2015-08-06)[2023-10-01].https://www.adl.org/resources/news/hang-jew-hang-jew, 2015-08-06.
[29] 张晓云. 试析美国种族歧视的历史根源[J]. 宿州学院学报,2005(2):29-31.
[30] 利昂·F·利特瓦克. 心灵的烦恼:美国宪法二百年与美国黑人的经历[C]//中国美国史研究会. 奴役与自由:美国的悖论——美国历史学家组织主席演说集,贵阳:贵州人民出版社,1993:569.
[31] TUCKER, S C, ROBERT, P M. The encyclopedia of World War I[M]. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2005: 1264.
[32] 香农·布兰顿,查尔斯·凯格利. 世界政治:趋势与变革[M]. 夏维勇,译. 北京:北京大学出版社,2019:503.
[33] 虞建华.小说、历史与美国小说的历史批判[J].英美文学研究论丛, 2022(2):143-153.

Sports Movies and the Construction of National Image: An Examination Based on Race and Its Historical Facts

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	PENG Guoqiang, GUO Yuede. China's Preparation for the Paris Olympics: Situation Analysis, Winning Advantages and Countermeasures [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2024, 50(3): 77-84.
[2]	GAO Xibin. Reflection on and Enlightenment from the Development of Female Sports in Dangal: A Perspective of Social Gender [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2024, 50(3): 127-133.
[3]	WANG Xiaomei, TANG Yuqing, GUO Qing. Individual Perspective: Research on Media Consumption of Beijing Winter Olympics [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2024, 50(1): 61-71.
[4]	HUANG Lu, ZENG Yunjing, LIU Bo. What Are We Talking about When We Talk about Eileen Gu——Topic Mining Based on the Social Media Comments of Eileen Gu Winning the Beijing Winter Olympics [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2023, 49(4): 33-39.
[5]	LIANG Xiangzi, LIU Haihai. From "Emotional Massage" to "Emotional Consumption": Research on the Meme Communication of Short Videos of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2023, 49(2): 24-29.
[6]	ZHANG Rongzi, LIANG Yuan, LI Shuwang, LI Jinglv. ETPB-based Research on Continuous Participation Intention of Volunteers in Sports Events [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2023, 49(2): 30-36.
[7]	RU Yawei, GUO Zhen, LIU Bo. Cold War and the Olympics-Reading "Cold War Games: Propaganda, the Olympics, and U.S. Foreign Policy" [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2022, 48(3): 139-142.
[8]	YANG Guoqing. Study on Xi Jinping's Important Speeches and Statements on 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2022, 48(1): 1-7.
[9]	ZHONG Xin, JIANG Xiancheng. Global unity, multi-level dialogue, and emotional resonance: Tone, path, and vision of international communication for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics in the digital era [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2022, 48(1): 14-20.
[10]	YAN Jing. Mirror Image of the Changes in the Relationship between Sports Movements and Religious Celebrations [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(4): 61-65.
[11]	WANG Xiangyu, GAO Yang. Research on Volunteer Recruitment for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(3): 36-43.
[12]	LI Xia, LIANG Liqi, DENG Xinghua. Challenges and Countermeasures of Chinese Sports Discourse Right in Winter Olympic Games [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(2): 22-27.
[13]	WU Fei, HONG Chenlu, LI Lin, XIAO Dandan. Research on the Influence of TTR System on Table Tennis Competition and the Preparation Strategy for the Tokyo Olympics [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(1): 131-136.
[14]	XU Ziqi, SUN Baoli, DONG Xiaoyan. Exploration on the Realization of the Urban Heritage Vision of Beijing Winter Olympics under the "Sustainability Strategy Framework" [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2020, 45(4): 89-94.
[15]	LI Yuan, TIAN Bingbing. The International Sport Climbing Competition Pattern under the Background of Tokyo Olympic Games and the Strategy of Improving China's Competitive Strength [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2020, 46(2): 70-77.