Abstract: Through the method of literature analysis, this paper reviews and analyzes the physical education curriculum reform in primary and secondary schools in the early period of the founding of new China (1949-1957). In this historical period, The Communist Party and People's Republic of China have implemented a series of reforms on the physical education curriculum of primary and middle schools on the basis of the needs of sports construction of new democracy and socialist school, and preliminary established a socialist, a stable and orderly system of primary and secondary school physical education curriculum and curriculum system. It has promoted the school sports in China from the semi-colonial and semi-feudal nature to the socialist nature of the big span, laid an important foundation for the development of school sports in New China and factually constitutes the first wave of the reform of basic education physical education curriculum in new China.

Key words: In the initial period of New China, Primary and middle schools, PE Curriculum Reformation