关键词: 学生体质, 健康标准, 力量素质, 评价指标

Abstract: Student’s physical fitness test has been implemented for 60 years since 1954 when the first official physical fitness test standard for students was promulgated in China. However, the scientificity of its indexes remains to be verified. During the "labor preparation and national defense system" period, physical fitness test put emphasis on the strength-movement skill indexes, but there were not any indexes for trunk strength; during the "national standard for sports exercise" period, physical fitness test still stressed the strength-movement skill indexes, while female’s torso strength indexes were added; during the "national student physical health standard" period, physical fitness test was designed to include indexes for general strength, but remained incomplete. Among the indexes designed for different body parts, there are more indexes for the upper limbs than that for other body parts. The indexes for upper limbs are miscellaneous and have higher requirements for student’s age and gender. Therefore its reliability and validity is relatively low; the torso strength indexesare simple (only sit-ups included) and have limitations for student’s age and gender. Besides, the efficiency of the testing method is relatively low.Standing long jump is the only index for lower limb test. However, the index is in dispute because it is influenced by skillslearning. Therefore it’s validity is subject to further verification through experiments. In the future, indexes for student’sphysical fitness test in China can be optimized in the following aspects: For upper limb test, choosing one from among modified pull-ups,push-ups (for male) and knee push-ups (for female). For torso test, choosing the best from among various sit-up movements,supplementing trunk extension and plank. For lower limb test, standing long jump and the current two kinds of squat jump need to be verified through experiments.

Key words: Student’s Physical Fitness, Physical Health Standard, Strength, Assessment Index