主办单位:成都体育学院
ISSN 1001-9154 CN 51-1097/G8

成都体育学院学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 32-38.doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2021.06.007

• 体育赛事与产业经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

美国搏击赛事制度治理特征与启示

王海峰1, 吴小圆2, 李乐虎3, 孙晋海4   

  1. 1.西北农林科技大学体育部,陕西 杨凌 712100;
    2.深圳大学体育部,广东 深圳 518060;
    3.华中师范大学体育学院,湖北 武汉 430079;
    4.山东大学体育学院,山东 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-20 修回日期:2021-05-21 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 孙晋海,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向:体育产业治理。E-mail:sunjinhai@126.com。
  • 作者简介:王海峰,硕士,副教授,研究方向:搏击赛事治理。E-mail:jackiehai@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金西部项目“国际比较视角下我国职业拳击赛事运作模式的创新研究”(17XJC890002);陕西省哲学社会科学重大理论与现实问题研究项目“放管服背景下陕西搏击赛事管理制度的创新与优化研究”(2021ND0382);国家社会科学基金重点项目“体育产业高质量发展的制度阻滞与治理现代化研究”(20ATY003)。

Institutional Governance Characteristics of American Fight Events and Local Enlightenment

WANG Haifeng1, WU Xiaoyuan2, LI Lehu3, SUN Jinhai4   

  1. 1. Department of physical education, Northwest University of agriculture and forestry science and technology,Yangling Shaanxi 712100;
    2. Sports Department of Shenzhen University,Shenzhen Guangdong 518060;
    3. School of physical education, Central China Normal University,Wuhan Hubei 430079;
    4. School of physical education, Shandong University,Jinan Shandong 250100
  • Received:2021-02-20 Revised:2021-05-21 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-11-26

摘要: 制度治理是国家治理能力和治理体系现代化的重要手段。本文运用文献资料法、专家访谈法从制度层面探索美国搏击赛事制度治理特征,旨在为优化我国搏击赛事治理体系提供启示。研究发现,美国搏击赛事的体制制度治理特征在于三级多元化主体协同治理结构的构建;外部监督与内部执行合力共治机制的健全;制度治理体系在法律指引下的逐一完善;“一核多元”横向分权治理模式的形成。具体制度治理特征体现在:以“法定额度+资质审查”规范推广人的商业行为;以“合同+限额+保证金”等多重手段约束经纪人的从业资质与行为;以专门政策法规保护运动员身体、保障运动员权益、监管运动员违纪;以量化标准提升裁判员选拔质量、以法律制度与政府审核遏制裁判员腐败;以明确的行为限制条款和反腐败举措规制官员的违规违纪。启示:我国搏击赛事应在政府主导下,推动“行业协会执行+赛事组织协助+社会大众监督”治理模式的完善;明确界定多元主体的权责关系,形成纵向联动的协同治理体制;构建或完善搏击赛事具体制度,健全涵盖关键利益主体的管理制度体系。

关键词: 制度治理, 搏击赛事, 美国制度, 协同治理, 推广人, 经纪人, 体育产业

Abstract: institutional governance is an important means for the modernization of national governance capacity and governance system. Using the methods of literature and expert interview, this paper explores the characteristics of American fight event system governance from the institutional level, in order to provide enlightenment for optimizing China's fight event governance system. It is found that the institutional governance characteristics of American fight events lie in the construction of three-level diversified subject cooperative governance structure; The improvement of the joint governance mechanism of external supervision and internal implementation; The perfection of institutional governance system under the guidance of law; The formation of "one core and multiple" horizontal decentralized governance model. The specific characteristics of institutional governance are reflected in: standardizing the commercial behavior of promoters with "legal quota + qualification review"; Restrict the professional qualification and behavior of brokers by multiple means such as "contract + limit + margin"; Protect athletes' bodies, protect athletes' rights and interests and supervise athletes' violation of discipline with special policies and regulations; Improve the selection quality of referees by quantitative standards, and curb the corruption of referees by legal system and government audit; Clear behavior restriction clauses and anti-corruption measures are used to regulate the violation of rules and disciplines of officials. Local enlightenment: under the leadership of the government, China's combat events should promote the improvement of the governance model of "Industry Association implementation + event organization assistance + social public supervision"; Clearly define the rights and responsibilities of multiple subjects and form a vertical linkage collaborative governance system; Build or improve the specific system of combat events and improve the management system covering key stakeholders.

Key words: institutional governance, Fighting events, American system, Collaborative governance, Promoters, agent, sports industry

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