足球锻炼及停练对10～11岁儿童执行功能的影响

成都体育学院学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 109-113.

足球锻炼及停练对10～11岁儿童执行功能的影响

戴朝^1,2

1.四川师范大学体育学院,四川成都 610101;
2.四川师范大学西部校园足球发展研究中心,四川成都 610101

收稿日期:2019-10-02 发布日期:2020-09-15
作者简介:戴朝,硕士,副教授,研究方向:运动心理学。E-mail:80501594@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家社科基本“运动智能设备与量化健身范式研究”(18BTY101)。

Effects of Soccer Exercise and Stop Practice on Executive Function of School Age Children

DAI Zhao

1. Physical Education of Sichuan Normal University , Chengdu Sichuan 610101;
2. West China Compus Football Development Research Center, Sichuan Normal Univprsity, Chengdu Sichuan 610101

Received:2019-10-02 Published:2020-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:探讨有规律的足球锻炼及停练对10~11岁儿童执行功能的影响。方法:选取46名10~11岁儿童为实验组,进行24周,每周5次,每次2 h的足球锻炼。选取43名年龄、身高和体重相匹配的儿童为对照组。在0周、24周、停练4周和停练8周,采用Flanker任务、Smith 2-back实验和Salthouse实验,分别测量所有受试者执行功能中的抑制,刷新和转换子功能。结果:(1)干预前,两组执行功能各维度间无显著性差异。24周干预阶段:实验组的抑制和转换功能极显著优于对照组(P＜0.01),刷新功能显著优于对照组(P＜0.05);(2)停练阶段:实验组在停练4周时抑制功能极显著优于对照组(P＜0.01),转换功能显著优于对照组(P＜ 0.05)。停练8周抑制和转换功能显著优于对照组(P＜0.05);相比24周和停练4周,实验组停练8周时抑制功能显著衰退(P＜0.01,P<0.05)。结论: 24周足球锻炼能不同程度改善10~11岁儿童的执行功能。停练4周对执行功能的有益影响仍能维持,而停练8周抑制功能出现衰退,但仍具有保护效益。

关键词: 学龄儿童, 足球, 锻炼, 停练, 执行功能

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of regular football exercise and stop practice on the executive function of school-age children, and to provide theoretical basis for improving children's physical fitness. Methods: 46 school-age children aged 10-11 in Sichuan Olympic School were selected as the experimental group. They were given 24 weeks football exercise five times a week for 2 hours each time. The control group consisted of 43 school-age children matched by age, height and weight. During the 0, 24, 4 and 8 weeks of training, Flanker task, Smith 2-back experiment and Salthouse experiment were used to measure the inhibition function time difference, refresh function time difference and conversion function time difference of all subjects respectively. Results: (1)24-week intervention stage: the inhibition and conversion functions of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group (P<0.01), and the refresh function was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05); (2) Stop training stage: the inhibition function of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.01) and the conversion function was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05) at 4 weeks of stop training. The inhibition and conversion function were significantly better than that of the control group (P < 0.05) after 8 weeks of training suspension. Compared with 24 weeks, the inhibitory function of the experimental group declined significantly after 8 weeks of training (P<0.01). Compared with 4 weeks of training suspension, the inhibitory function of the experimental group declined significantly after 8 weeks of training suspension (P<0.05). Conclusion: 24-week football exercise can improve the executive function of school-age children in varying degrees. The beneficial effect of 4 weeks' training cessation on executive function of school-age children is still maintained, while the inhibition function of 8 weeks' training cessation declines.

Key words: school age children, football, exercise, stop practice, executive function

中图分类号:

G843

戴朝. 足球锻炼及停练对10～11岁儿童执行功能的影响[J]. 成都体育学院学报, 2020, 46(5): 109-113.

DAI Zhao. Effects of Soccer Exercise and Stop Practice on Executive Function of School Age Children[J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2020, 46(5): 109-113.

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