Abstract: Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare and analyze Russia’s System of Labor and Defense and China's National Physical Training Standards Implementation Measures. Methods: the paper analyzes the concerning material of Russia’s System of Labor and Defense and China's National Physical Training Standards Implementation Measures and experts are interviewed. Conclusion: Russia’s System of Labor and Defense is more advanced than China's National Physical Training Standards Implementation Measures in that it is characterized by its high strategic level, diversified and exquisite testing items with Russian characteristics, and its explicit subject of responsibility with wide range of coordination. Suggestions: National awareness of the "standard" should be strengthened, the provisions of the standard should be more specific, Chinese characteristics, traditional and some competitive sports contents should be added with more sports and fitness knowledge tests. Sports prescriptions should be worked out for different sports population and Standard should be issued by the state.

Key words: System of Labor and Defense, National Physical Training Standard Implementation Measures, Comparison, Sports Policy