Abstract: From the perspective of sociology, this study mainly explores the correlation between family, peers, PE teachers and adolescents’ sports participation through questionnaire survey to provide references for promoting youth sports participation and improving their physical health. Methods: Depending on Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, a survey is conducted on 500 students and their parents, peers, PE teachers. Then all the data are statistically analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: 1) Adolescents’ sports participation is related to gender but not to age; 2) Adolescents in rich or poor families are more likely to participate in sports; 3) Girls often demonstrate higher sports participation when their mothers take part in sports; however, boys’ sports participation is not affected by such a phenomenon; Boys indicate higher sports participation when their fathers do so. However, girls’ sports participation is not affected by it. 4) Boys and girls are similar in sports participation when their mothers take part in sports but fathers do not; 5) Peers exhibit a positive effect on adolescents’ sports participation. 6) After adjusting the goodness-of-fit of other factors, PE teachers have no significant role in promoting adolescents’ sports participation.