关键词: 初中生毕业升学考试体育, 体育中考, 高中学业水平考试, 体育高考

Abstract: Since the establishment of the pilot areas for physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination in nine provinces and municipal cities in 1992, physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination has entered its 31st year. It is of great significance for the future reform and development of, and for contemplating the prospect of physical education test in national college entrance examination to reflect on the origin, development, controversies, promotion strategies, and successful experience of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination. The development of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination can be divided into four stages: initial trial, comprehensive and stable development, mature and regular development, and new rapid development. As of today, debates over physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination continue to arise. Fundamental issues include whether physical education should be included in national college entrance examination and are inevitable when considering the prospect of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination. These issues encompass the necessity, scientific basis, fairness, burden, educational value, and development of physical education test. The success of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination is attributed to several key factors: reliance on regulations and theoretical foundation, cautious and progressive implementation, low differentiation and high scoring rate, emphasis on overall quality and practical skills, fairness, transparency, and strict examination management. However, physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination still has some shortcomings to overcome: such as discrepancy between sports skill test and actual skill proficiency, lack of examination function in routine assessments leading to score inflation, low differentiation in scoring leading to a loss of examination intensity, and enormous workload in examination administration which could be addressed by utilizing AI technology. Regarding the possibility of including physical education in national college entrance examination in the future, the paper suggests that even though the success of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination has raised the call for including physical education in senior secondary school academic level examination and national college entrance examination, implementing a similar physical education test in national college entrance examination in the near future remains a big challenge. Instead, reforming the existing "senior secondary school academic level physical education examination" might be the optimal path for the development of physical education test in national college entrance examination.

Key words: physical education test for junior high school graduates, physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination, senior secondary school academic level examination, physical education test in national college entrance examination