关键词: 国家女子皮划艇队, 冬训, 训练负荷, 训练成效

Abstract: Based on the methods of literature, observation, expert interview and mathematical statistics, this paper analyses the training load characteristics and effect of the National Woman Kayak Team in 2014 winter. The results show that this winter training includes the basic ability recovering, altitude training and the special ability strengthening three stages. The proportion of the water-training was gradually increasing, and the proportion of land-training was gradually decreasing. The water-training includes the training of aerobic ability, the mixed aerobic ability, the acid- resisting ability and the speed ability. The proportion of aerobic ability training ranks first in each stage. The proportion of mixed aerobic ability training ranks second, and presents a certain upward trend. The acid- resisting ability training is focused on the second and third stages. The percentage of the speed ability training is lowest, but the ratio of the training course is higher than the acid- resisting training. The land-training focuses on the great strength and strength endurance training. The first and second stages highlight the great strength training and the third stage highlights the strength endurance training. Through 14 weeks of winter training, the oxygen ability, great strength and strength endurance have improved obviously, which reflects the winter training achieved expected goals and tasks.

Key words: the National Women Kayak Team, Winter Training, Training Load, Effect