Table of Content

20 October 2014, Volume 40 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

MONOGRAPHIC RESEARCH：SPORTS HISTORY AND CULTURE ON BOTH SIDES OF THE TAIWAN STRAIT

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Relationship between Sports Historiography and Sports Culture Research and Future Direction HAO Qin 2014, 40 (10):  1-5.  Abstract ( 1589 )   PDF (1010KB) ( 1896 )   Save Sports history is a science subject that records,collects,sorts,researches and explains the occurrence,development and evolution process of sports as a social cultural phenomenon,while sports culture is a new research realm that covers spirit,system,organizations and cultural forms with the characteristics of complicated connotation,wide range and ambiguous edges. Sports history science is the basis and supporting subject of sports cultural research,which has direct influence on the current sports culture research. The paper attempts to expound the importance of strengthening the research of sports history and sports culture from the perspective of the relationship between sports history and sports culture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Inheritance and Development of the Academic Culture of Taiwan's Sports Historiography WANG Jian-tai 2014, 40 (10):  6-9.  Abstract ( 1797 )   PDF (999KB) ( 2079 )   Save The paper aims to explore Taiwan’s academic culture of sports history in terms of its past,present and future. It expects the counterparts on both sides to share resources with each other and to arouse the attention of Taiwan’s sports field to the academic research of sports history so as for more lovers and researchers to be engaged in this academic realm. All in all,about seventy years of development since the second World war has not witnessed desirable achievements duo to the lack of resources and the nature of the this subject regardless of some predecessors’ efforts. Except for its free-standing self-improvement style in the future,Taiwan's sports history research should take advantage of its influence and win the support of government and school authorities. It is also advisable to invite professionals to teach the concerning courses in order for the subject to move from a frontier one to a central one. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Research on Taiwan Aboriginals’ Traditional Archery GUO Dong-xiong,CHEN Shu-mei 2014, 40 (10):  10-15.  Abstract ( 6297 )   PDF (2856KB) ( 3320 )   Save The paper,depending on sports historiography,sociology,geography and other interdisciplinary integration researches,adopts the methods of literature analysis and field research to analyze the transformation process of Taiwan aboriginals’ traditional archery. Geographic information system (GIS) is also employed to analyze of the current spatial distribution and features of archery. The change of the aboriginal traditional archery activities is discussed to explore contemporary Taiwan indigenous people’s adaptation to the change of modern material civilization so as to construct the continuation of traditional culture through archery activity and expose new generation to traditional culture. The research purpose is to explore the cultural dynamics of traditional archery as the carrier of the indigenous traditional culture as well as the modern and traditional cultural links of aboriginal characterization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Arduous Female Body-Shape——historical reflection of modern Chinese women’s involvement in sports CHEN Gang,JIANG Su 2014, 40 (10):  16-20.  Abstract ( 1713 )   PDF (1017KB) ( 1889 )   Save Women's "body" shaping in the republic of China is used as the research object. The paper analyzes the pictorials,images and photographs in the period of the Republic of China,which makes the expression of the materials more forceful. The research highlights the influence of social level structure change on female body shaping. The biological shaping of women’s body coincides with the military philosophy of “strengthening the seed to protect the country”. The moral shaping of women’s bodies plays a role in shaping new women and new citizens. In the communication mode of body shaping,the involvement of sports breaks through the space in which women exist and this is the reflection of the power in their body-shaping process. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Tentative Study of "Women’s" Activities in the Imagesin Shanghai Pictures Daily in the Late Qing Dynasty CHEN Yan-He,et al 2014, 40 (10):  21-25.  Abstract ( 1704 )   PDF (3498KB) ( 2048 )   Save Published in 1909-1910,Shanghai Pictures Daily adopted the unique way reporting daily news through pictures in which tons of pictures about “women’s” (Chinese women,etc.) activities appeared. The paper aims to explore the implied meaning of the diversified activities of Shanghai women through the images in the pictorial so as to gain an insight into Shanghai women’s “past,present and future“ life style illustrated with words,which,in turn,constitutes the research objective of the paper. The pictorial’s difference from most Chinese and foreign newspapers then lies in the fact that this pictorial presents a lot of women in Shanghai as thematic reports which reveal the development process of the Chinese women's participation in the modern sports. Its characteristic of pictures illustrated with a caption makes it clear and easy to understand and more diversified. The author attempts to investigate its images of the characters,techniques and word meaning with the integration of background,culture and society,etc. The results show can be used as references to understand the overall situation of Shanghai women in those years. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fusion and Innovation: the Coexistence and Development of Sports History and Sports Culture——review of the 2nd academic seminar of sports history on both sides of the Taiwan straits Wang Hongjiang 2014, 40 (10):  26-31.  Abstract ( 1752 )   PDF (1029KB) ( 2026 )   Save In July 2014,the second academic seminar of the sports history across the Taiwan straits was held in Chengdu Sport University. The paper sums up the theses in the seminar and briefs the attendance of the seminar. It further discusses the present situation of the research of sports history and sports culture between the straits. Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS SOCIAL SCIENCE

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"Basic Role" VS "Decisive Role" : Theoretical Thinking of New Sports Development Promoted by Sports markets LIU Qing,et al 2014, 40 (10):  32-39.  Abstract ( 1518 )   PDF (1068KB) ( 1816 )   Save The paper explores the decisive role of sports market in the allocation of all kinds of sports resources in order to realize the new development of China’s sports. The research believes that there are still limitations and difficulties in the thinking,orientation,supply and demand,investment and financing and policies under the guidance of market’s "basic function". The belief of the “decisive role” of market in the allocation of sports resources plays a positive part in sports practice,which directly decides the positioning,system reform and design of China’s future sports development. Therefore,a series of suggestions and countermeasures are discussed in the paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation Research on the Upgrading Capacity of Regional Sports Industry MA Shang-Kui 2014, 40 (10):  40-46.  Abstract ( 1619 )   PDF (2206KB) ( 2009 )   Save At present,Chinese sports’ industrial clustering ability,sci-tech input and vertical division remain at a low level and transnational corporations’ lock of low industrial chains urges an industry chain integration and structure upgrading. From the perspective of global value chain,sports industry upgrading capacity,the paper constructs an evaluation model to analyze sports industry’s upgrading capacity and upgrading performance. The research shows that sports industry upgrading capacity of one area is closely related to the industrial resources input in this area,while regional sports industry upgrading performance is mainly affected by industrial structure and resource use efficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

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From Identification, Regulation to Standardization: Assessment Policy Changesof Chinese Non-governmental Sports Organizations FENG Xiao-Li,Dong Guo-Zhen 2014, 40 (10):  47-51.  Abstract ( 1405 )   PDF (1028KB) ( 1919 )   Save The assessment of non-governmental sports organizations has experienced the three stages from identification to regulation and standard management. From the logical starting point of the combination of the new institutionalism and public policy research of non-governmental sports organizations and key evidence of the new institutionalism's analysis of the policy of evaluation of the organizations,it proves that the new institutionalism theory analysis of policy change of the assessment is urgent. The study shows that there are some problems about the assessment of such organizations. The paper thus suggests the corresponding measures to achieve this goal. Related Articles | Metrics

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Status Analysis of Physical Exercise of Agricultural Population in Rural-urban Fringe Zones and It's the Corresponding Strategy LI Shan 2014, 40 (10):  52-54.  Abstract ( 1567 )   PDF (985KB) ( 1913 )   Save The paper is to investigate the agricultural population's sports involvement situation of the rural-urban fringe zones of 5 regions in Sichuan. The investigation outcomes have showed that (a) physical exercise of agricultural population in rural-urban fringe zones is significantly different in terms of their sports behavior,exercise events and time preferences. The exercise fields and facilities have become the key limiting factors affecting farmers' sports undertaking; (b) the initiative of physical exercise depends on the personal income and educational background. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and Empirical Study of the Evaluation Index System for Mass Sports in Western China FU Ming-zhong 2014, 40 (10):  55-59.  Abstract ( 1448 )   PDF (1322KB) ( 1840 )   Save This paper sets up an input-output theoretical model for evaluation of mass sports by reference of others' achievements. This model depends on Delphi method,factor analysis method and principal component analysis to establish an evaluation index system of mass sports in Western China. This evaluation index system includes the four main influencing factors of living quality of,resources guarantee,benefits and effects of mass sports and social environment and 13 concrete targets. The paper also makes a comparison and ranking of mass sports between Sichuan,Chongqing and Yunnan through new evaluation index system. Related Articles | Metrics

SPORTS TRAINING AND COMPETITION

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Effects of Aerobics on Proliferative Capacity in Endothelial Progenitor Cellsfrom Bone Marrow of Old Male Rats GONG Xiao-Ming,et all 2014, 40 (10):  60-63.  Abstract ( 1549 )   PDF (1233KB) ( 1929 )   Save Objective: The paper is to explore the effects of aerobics on proliferative capacity in endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow of old male rats. Method: 12 old male Sprague-Dawley rats are randomly and averagely divided into 2 groups,the control group and the aerobics group. The aerobic exercise mode is established by using the methods of lactic acid threshold and incremental treadmill exercise. Mononuclear cells from bone marrow are obtained by density gradient centrifugation 12 hours after the scheme has ended up. The cells are suspended in conditioned medium EGM-2 for culturing in vitro. Their phenotypes are confirmed by uptake of acetylated LDL and binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1) lectin. Inverted microscope observation is adopted to understand the morphological changes of endothelial progenitor cells and to calculate cells count and colony forming efficiency,so that the proliferation situation of endothelial progenitor cells is obtained. Results: Adherent cells increase more obviously than group control both at 48h and day 7(P＜0.01). The number of adherent cells and colony forming efficiency in aerobics group is more than that in the control groups(P＜0.01). Conclusion: Proliferative capacity of endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow in old male rats can be developed by aerobic exercise. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Study of the Evaluation Standard of Native Plateau Adults’ Physical Fitness ZHANG Yi-Hong,et al 2014, 40 (10):  64-68.  Abstract ( 1598 )   PDF (1005KB) ( 1836 )   Save It is essential to establish the native plateau adults’ physical fitness standards for reasonable evaluation. According to the establishment of the national physical fitness standard,the physical fitness data of Tibetan adults (20-59 years of age) are statistically studied and the evaluation standard of single and synthesize index is accordingly established. The testing results with back substitution are satisfactory and the theoretical results were verified by the results of actual data distribution. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Jumping Stress on the PTH and OPG / RANKL of Bone Metabolism in Rats’ Tibia LI Sheng-Cun,WANG Guo-Xiang 2014, 40 (10):  69-73.  Abstract ( 1620 )   PDF (1101KB) ( 1991 )   Save objective :To investigate the effects of jumping stress stimulation on the parathyroid hormone( PTH )and molecules expression of OPG and RANKL related to bone metabolism in Rat’s Tibias,and to explore the molecular mechanism of bone destruction. Methods: 48 eight-week old SD rats were equally randomized into control group(C) ,jump group(J) and loading jump group(JL). After two weeks,8 rats were taken from three groups,marked as: C2,J2 and JL2 groups and after six weeks the rest taken and marked as:C6,J6 and JL6. J group participated in incremental load training,JL group gained 5% of body weight load whose training plan was the same with the J6 group and the C group was not treated. The serum PTH levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and anti-tartaric acid acidic phosphoric acid (StrACP) in serum were assayed by colorimetric method. One side tibia was made HE paraffin section,the other side was assayed the mRNA expression of IL-6,OPG and RANKL by RT-PCR. Results: (1) Compared with C6 and J6,collagen fibers of periost were disordered with a larger degree of damage to the cortical bone,the cavitys increases in JL6 group. (2) The serum ALP and StrACP levels in three jumping groups were significantly higher compared with those in control groups(p <0.05). The serum StrACP levels in JL6 and J6 groups were significantly higher compared with those in C6 groups(p<0.05). (3) Compared with the C2 group,the level of PTH was significantly lower in the J2 and JL2 groups(p<0.05). The serum PTH level in JL6 group was significantly lower compared with that in C6 and J6 groups(p<0.05). (4) The mRNA expression of OPG in JL6 and J6 groups were higher than in C6 (p <0.05),and it was the highest in J6 group. The mRNA expression of RANKL was significantly higher in JL6 group than in the C6 and J6 groups (p <0.01).Conclusions: Bone destruction characterized by higher bone turnover in rats’ tibias was severe after 6 weeks of loaded jump because of the increased expression of RANKL. The decreased level of PTH is not helpful for the heal of bone destruction. Related Articles | Metrics

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An Empirical Study on Migrant Children's Psychological Health in West Hunan and the Intervention of National Sports CHEN Yu-feng 2014, 40 (10):  74-78.  Abstract ( 1341 )   PDF (1007KB) ( 1846 )   Save Questionnaire investigations are adopted to explore the migrant children's psychological health status of Xiangxi area and sports intervention is carried out to help those children with mental health problems. The results indicate that the migrant children's psychological health level is lower than resident children in Xiangxi area. After intervention with bench dragon game and Drum-and-dance of the Miao Nationality,their mental health indicators score decreased with significant difference (P<0.05)in their mood disorders,personality defects,social adaptation disorders. Bench dragon and drum-and-dance games of the Miao Nationality can help them release their negative emotions,enhance self-confidence and then promote their psychological health. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on International Research Focus and Frontier of Physical Fitness Training Yu Hong-Yan,Liu Min 2014, 40 (10):  79-84.  Abstract ( 1987 )   PDF (1641KB) ( 2211 )   Save Objective: To reveal the evolution path from 1997-2014 of research hotspots and research fronts of physical fitness training .Methods: A total of 1888 papers published between 1997 and 2014 are retrieved from Wed of Science with a topic search of physical fitness training. Scientific knowledge national Atlas analysis techniques are used to analyze the international physical training research characteristics. Results: USA published the largest number of papers with Pennington Biomed Res Ctr and Univ Jyvaskyla etc. as the main research institutes. Leetun DT 、Montgomery HE,Kraemer WJ and Pollock ML are the powerful authors ; Med Sci Sport Exer,Sports Med,J Appl Physiol,Int J Sports Med,J Strength Cond Res are the core journals that publish the articles in the field. The analysis of research frontier and its evolution path reveals that the international researches on physical fitness training develop in two different directions of competitive fitness training and health fitness training. There appeared a kind of overlap between the two in the researches of core strength and core stability between 2005 and 2010. Related Articles | Metrics

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An National Survey of China Badminton Reserve Talents Cultivating in 2014 ZHANG Li-qing,SONG Zi-yu 2014, 40 (10):  85-90.  Abstract ( 1474 )   PDF (1074KB) ( 2074 )   Save In order to improve the quality and effectiveness of badminton talents cultivating in China and promote the sustainable healthy and development of badminton sport,a questionnaire survey was carried out for the present situation of the badminton talents training by General Administration of Sport of China. Then an expert interview was conducted for the problems and countermeasures of badminton talents' cultivation. The results showed that the number and cultivating scale of badminton talents was large with the amateur training environment being advantageous,but the training quality has declined recently. There are four major reasons leading to the decline of the training quality. Firstly,the management system of high level talents' training base is imperfect. Secondly,the teaching ability and professional spirit of coaches are not as good as they used to. the standardization and scientific level of basic training need to be strengthened. Last but not least,there are some problems with the training and competition system of young talents. This paper thus puts forward the corresponding countermeasures as follows: the cultivation quality has to be regarded as the key issue,attention should be paid to high level talents' training base management,the construction of the coach team should be strengthened and the training quality should be improved soas to perfect the competition system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Status and Development Trend of Extracurricular Reserve Personnel Trainingof Primary and Secondary Schools—— a case study of the Honggu District in Lanzhou JIA Guo-you 2014, 40 (10):  91-96.  Abstract ( 1421 )   PDF (1049KB) ( 1935 )   Save Using literature and interviews and other investigations,the analyzes the status of extracurricular reserve personnel training in primary and secondary schools in Honggu District to explore the relevant development strategy. The research aims to provide references for the reform and development of the school's' extracurricular training. Main conclusions: the after-school training foundation is weak duo to the lack of capital investment,knowledge,guidance and the management system without incentive policies. Suggestions: we should raising the concerning awareness and attention,establish a sound institutional mechanisms of school sports,increase investment and improve the use of diversified economic development models to better the extracurricular training conditions. We should also adjust the layout,focus on cultivating universal characteristics of the project system. Besides,we should adopt scientific training and adhere to "one-stop" training mode so as to lay a good foundation for effectively enhancing the literacy level of the athletes. We should deepen the "combination of education and sports" to further improve the competitiveness of the reserve personnel training model. Related Articles | Metrics