Abstract: Starting from the dualistic structure analysis of materialism, this paper argues that one of the fundamental reasons for the doubts in sports diplomacy is that sports diplomacy is caught in a "structural dilemma", and therefore attempts to transcend the dualistic structure by introducing Bourdieu's practice theory. It is pointed out that sports diplomacy faces the de-contextualization dilemma, the action logic dilemma and the action effectiveness dilemma and can be transcended from the three dimensions of structural relationship of field, capital and habit. The path breakthrough can be made from three aspects: first, actively promote the change of international field structure, win the advantageous field position for China by making full use of field position and international social capital; second, create a sports communication field where China is in an advantageous position, and promote the sports community for a shared future through win-win cooperation; third, make full use of China's endowment resources, strengthen the investment of self-generated resources, and push forward the construction of the mechanism for reproducing capital, so as to improve the quality and increase the efficiency of sports diplomacy.

Key words: sports diplomacy, structural dilemma, practice theory, field structure, capital, a community for a shared future