Abstract: In order to play the role of happy gymnastics in school physical education, the article,guided by the key literacy of physical education,examines the value of happy gymnastics through the literature method, and proposes an innovative development path in view of the limitations of happy gymnastics development. According to the research, happy gymnastics has important value in cultivating students' athletic ability, healthy behavior, and sports morality; however, it also has such limitations as imperfect content, lack of diversification of equipment, and insufficient expression of education value; it needs to be innovated by deepening connotation and innovating content, reforming teaching methods, enriching equipment, and improving the evaluation system; the study took the innovation of teaching apparatus for rolling movements as an example, and found that it has significant effects in cultivating students' athletic ability, healthy behavior, and sports morality.

Key words: key literacy of physical education, happy gymnastics, healthy behavior, athletic ability, sports morality