Abstract: In China, the time segment method remains an important theoretical basis in athletic training design. The problem caused by "time segment"impedes the development of performance and the improvement of efficiency in many major sports events till now. By means of theoretical analysis and experiment, the present paper takes the athletes on the Chinese Olympic teams as an example to make a logical and empirical analysis on the "Periodization"Theory and its biological basis. The author proposes that the time and content segment arrangements based on the "Periodization" Theory bear the stamp of mechanical determinism philosophically, and completely ignore the structural features of special biological adaptation and continuous biological conditions for the development of biological limit ability biologically.Multiple structural segments not only crack the time structure in the formation and optimization of special sports events' goal structural system, and the disorder in biological structure effect competition causes an unstable competition state and even the reversal of the primary and the secondary structure. In terms of training management, the arrangements usually cause the training design and arrangement to slack at the beginning and speed up towards the end. Based on the empirical analysis, the author points out that the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) and The Overcompensation Theory mislead the biological planning logic of generating high level competitive training scores in principle. As compared with GAS, the homeostasis indexes of time sequence discrimination can better reflect the effect of load on body homeostasis. It is concluded that the biological significance of training is to build a biological information network, which drives the transformation of consciousness into DNA transcription. The competitive performance is virtually based on the fact that whether the system can form the systematic biological cellular network structure to meet the competitive goal. The biological logic of competitive training is to construct the biological cellular network system for the competitive goal.

Key words: Periodization theory, cellular network, systematic training, competition target, practice plan, general adaptation syndrome, exercise