青年速度滑冰运动员500 m、1 000 m和1 500 m模拟比赛的能量供应特征

doi:10.15942/j.jcsu.2021.05.004

Abstract

Abstract: Purpose: The energy contribution is a vital component of sport profile. However, energy contribution of simulated speed skating race on ice is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the energy contributions in simulated 500 m, 1 000 m and 1 500 m speed skating races with young skaters. Methods: Young skaters of provincial level volunteered to participate in 500 m, 1 000 m and 1 500 m simulated speed skating races. A portable spirometric system was used to measure gas metabolism and heart rate. Capillary blood was taken from the ear lobe during and after the races, and analyzed for lactate afterwards. The energy contributions were calculated with the method based on fast component of oxygen uptake off-kinetics, accumulated blood lactate and oxygen uptake during test. Results: Average finishing time in the simulated races was 90.58±1.94 ~ 92.40±1.64% of personal best during last season. There were no significant differences in peak heart rate (174.96±6.26 ~ 179.25±10.98 bpm), oxygen uptake (37.02±3.35 ~ 42.74±6.55 ml/min/kg) and blood lactate (12.29±1.65 ~ 13.34±2.61 mM) in different distances (P>0.05). The anaerobic alactic (31.32±8.23 ~ 36.65±5.46 kJ, P>0.05) and anaerobic lactic (37.99±12.97 ~ 45.71±11.92 kJ, P>0.05) energy contributions were not significantly different, but aerobic energy contributions increased significantly (26.27±6.10 < 55.87±7.18 <105.73±23.68 kJ, P<0.05) in longer distances. In longer distances, the relative anaerobic alactic (32.91±5.70 < 27.39±4.39 < 18.84±2.67%) and anaerobic lactic (39.23±5.82 < 30.99±6.34 < 24.40±2.88%) energy contributions decreased, while the relative aerobic energy contributions increased (27.86±4.65 < 41.63±5.02 < 56.76±2.14%), with the differences significnat only in relative of anaerobic lactic and aerobic energy contributions between 500 m and 1 500 m(P<0.05). Conclusion: The relative aerobic energy contributions increased in longer race distances. It is suggested that Chinese young skaters would benefit from the improvement of their aerobic capacity.

Key words: speed skating, aerobic energy contribution, blood flow restriction, physiology

CLC Number:

G804.2

LI Bo, WANG Xinxin, YANG Wei, SHANG Lei, FU Le, CHEN Xiaoping, LI Yongming. Energy Contributions of 500 m, 1 000 m and 1 500 m Simulated Speed Skating in Young Skaters[J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(5): 18-23.

References

[1] VAN DER KRUK E. Parameter analysis for speed skating performance [D]. Delft: Delft University of Technology, 2018: 11-23.
[2] VAN INGEN SCHENAU G J, DE KONING J J, DE GROOT G. A simulation of speed skating performances based on a power equation [J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1990, 22(5): 718-728.
[3] FOSTER C, RUNDELL K W, SNYDER A C, et al. Evidence for restricted muscle blood flow during speed skating [J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1999, 31(10): 1433-1440.
[4] HETTINGA F J, KONINGS M J, COOPER C E. Differences in muscle oxygenation, perceived fatigue and recovery between long-track and short-track speed skating [J]. Front Physiol, 2016, 7(619): 1-14.
[5] HESFORD C M, LAING S J, CARDINALE M, et al. Asymmetry of quadriceps muscle oxygenation during elite short-track speed skating [J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2012, 44(3): 501-508.
[6] BENEKE R. Determination of maximal lactate steady state response in selected sports events [J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1996, 28(2): 241-246.
[7] 刘江山, 张庆文, 邰崇禧, 等. 基于知识图谱的我国速度滑冰研究可视化分析 [J]. 成都体育学院学报, 2017, 43(6): 65-72.
[8] BOMPA T O, BUZZICHELLI C. Periodization: theory and methodology of training [M]. Champaign: Human Kinetics, 2018: 27,19-28.
[9] FOSTER C, DE KONING J J, HETTINGA F, et al. Pattern of energy expenditure during simulated competition [J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2003, 35(5): 826-831.
[10] DE KONING J J, FOSTER C, LAMPEN J, et al. Experimental evaluation of the power balance model of speed skating [J]. J Appl Physiol, 2005, 98(1): 227-233.
[11] HERMSDORF M, HARTMANN U. Energetische anforderungen im eisschnelllauf [M]. Leipzig: Jahrbuch Forschungsförderung, 2013: 105-115.
[12] 刘俊一. “周期”训练理论的重新审视——以张虹2014、2018年冬奥会周期训练模式为案例 [J]. 成都体育学院学报, 2018, 44(1): 7-12.
[13] 李博, 李海鹏, 黎涌明. 2018/2019赛季速度滑冰国际比赛成绩分析及训练建议 [J]. 中国体育科技, 2020, 56(3): 75-79.
[14] 黎涌明, 韩甲, 张青山, 等. 我国运动训练学亟待科学化——青年体育学者共识 [J]. 上海体育学院学报, 2020, 44(2): 39-52.
[15] 黎涌明, 毛承. 竞技体育项目的专项供能比例——亟待纠正的错误 [J]. 体育科学, 2014, 34(10): 93-96.
[16] 黎涌明, 李博, 王欣欣. 男子赛艇240次卧拉练习的能量代谢特征 [J]. 上海体育学院学报, 2018, 42(6): 104-108+118.
[17] 黎涌明,资薇,陈小平.赛艇测功仪不同持续时间全力运动的能量供应特征研究[J].体育科学,2017,37(03):51-57.
[18] DI PRAMPERO P. Energetics of muscular exercise [J]. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol, 1981, 89(89): 143-222.
[19] FOSTER C, DE KONING J J, GEMSER H, et al. Physiological perspectives in speed skating [M]. Handbook of competitive speed skating. Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Eisma Publishers. 1999: 117-137.
[20] YU H, CHEN X, ZHU W, et al. A quasi-experimental study of Chinese top-level speed skaters' training load: threshold versus polarized model [J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2012, 7(2): 103-112.
[21] ORIE J, HOFMAN N, DE KONING J J, et al. Thirty-eight years of training distribution in Olympic speed skaters [J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2014, 9(1): 93-99.
[22] FISKERSTRAND A, SEILER K S. Training and performance characteristics among Norwegian international rowers 1970-2001 [J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2004, 14(5): 303-310.
[23] 陈小平, 梁林花. 我国速滑训练中存在的主要问题探析 [J]. 冰雪运动, 2003, (3): 1-3.
[24] 严力. 提高我国速滑运动员后程能力的攻关研究 [J]. 冰雪运动, 2012, 34(05): 1-4.
[25] ZAMPARO P, CAPELLI C, POGLIAGHI S. Bioenergetics of cyclic sports activities on land : Walking, Running and Cycling [M]. Nutrition & Enhanced Sports Performance. San Diego; Academic Press. 2013: 133-142.
[26] GASTIN P, LAWSON D. Variable resistance all-out test to generate accumulated oxygen deficit and predict anaerobic capacity [J]. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 1994, 69(4): 331-336.
[27] RODR GUEZ F A, MADER A. Energy systems in swimming [M]. World Book of Swimming From Science to Performance New York: Nova. 2011: 225-240.
[28] CAPELLI C, PENDERGAST D R, TERMIN B. Energetics of swimming at maximal speeds in humans [J]. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 1998, 78(5): 385-393.
[29] 黎涌明. 静水皮艇200m供能特征 [J]. 体育科研, 2014, 35(1): 62-65.
[30] LI Y. Energetics in canoe sprint [D]. Leipzig; Universität Leipzig, 2014: 30-40.
[31] ZAMPARO P, GATTA G, PENDERGAST D, et al. Active and passive drag: the role of trunk incline [J]. Eur J Appl Physiol, 2009, 106(2): 195-205.
[32] DUFFIELD R, DAWSON B, GOODMAN C. Energy system contribution to 400-metre and 800-metre track running [J]. J Sports Sci, 2005, 23(3): 299-307.
[33] GARDNER A, OSBORNE M, D'AURIA S, et al. A comparison of two methods for the calculation of accumulated oxygen deficit [J]. J Sports Sci, 2003, 21(3): 155-162.
[34] LI Y, NIESSEN M, CHEN X, et al. Method-induced differences of energy contributions in adolescent female kayaking [J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2017, 13(1): 9-13.
[35] CAPELLI C, PENDERGAST D R, TERMIN B. Energetics of swimming at maximal speeds in humans [J]. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 1998, 78(5): 385-393.
[36] HILL D W. Energy system contributions in middle-distance running events [J]. J Sports Sci, 1999, 17(6): 477-483.
[37] KINDERMANN W, KEUL J. Anaerobe kapazit?t bei verschiedenen k?rperlichen belastungsformen [J]. Beiheft zu Leistungssport, 1977, (9): 80-83.
[38] ARMSTRONG N, 朱为模. 与青少年有氧能力相关的10个问题 [J]. 体育科研, 2018, 39(2): 1-17.

Energy Contributions of 500 m, 1 000 m and 1 500 m Simulated Speed Skating in Young Skaters

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 13

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	DUAN Rui, WU Tao. Strengthening the Foundation while Pursuing Innovation to Collaboratively Promote the Establishment of a New Chapter in Physical Education Textbooks: Overview of the 2023 Symposium on the 37th Anniversary of the Publication of the Higher Education Edition of Exercise Physiology and the Teaching of Exercise Physiology [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2024, 50(1): 10-16.
[2]	QIU Guorong, HE Benxiang, LIAO Yuanpeng. The Etiology Analysis and Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain in Chinese Elite Short Track Speed Skaters [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2022, 48(4): 123-128.
[3]	CHE Tongtong, LI Zhiyuan, ZHAO Zhiguang, WEI Wenzhe, SUN Ke, CHEN Chong. Effect of Low-intensity Bench Press KAATSU Training on Degree of Muscle Activation and Rating of Perceived Exertion [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2022, 48(2): 123-130.
[4]	WANG Yuehua, YANG Ming. An Analysis of the Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity of the National Speed Skating Team [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(5): 13-17.
[5]	HUANG Xiaojun, MIAO Lv, YU Lijuan, WANG Jie. Research Progress on Biological Characteristics of Rugby Sevens [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(5): 119-126.
[6]	WANG Jun, ZHOU Yue, SUN Junzhi, YU Liang, XU Yuming, ZHANG Xuelin, ZHANG Rihui, LI Shunchang,HUANG Wenying,XIA Zhi,ZHAO Guanggao,LI Yongming,HU Min, TIAN Zhenjun, SU Quansheng, ZHANG Yong, WANG Ruiyuan. Questioning and Thinking: Ten Classical Issues in Sports Physiology Research [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(1): 118-124.
[7]	WANG Yang, ZHOU Jihe, WANG Shuai, LIU Guohui. Research on Olympic Champion Wu Dajing's Technique of Skating out the Curve in Short Track Speed Skating Based on Virtual Reality Technology [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2020, 45(4): 108-113.
[8]	ZHENG Xiaofeng, HE Ying. Tactical Positioning and Pacing Strategy of Chinese and Korean Male Athletes in 1500m Short Track Speed Skating [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2020, 46(1): 121-126.
[9]	WANG Shuai, ZHOU Jihe. Kinematics Analysis on the Curve Technique of Short Track Speed Skating Olympic Champion Wu Dajing in 500 m [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2019, 45(4): 79-84.
[10]	SHI Shimeng, DAI Wei, ZHANG Chuan, SONG Peng, HU Yushi, LIAO Yuanpeng. The Validity of Functional Movement Screening (FMS^TM) In Predicting Injuries In Elite Short Track Speed Skating Athletes [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2019, 45(2): 103-109.
[11]	WAN Xiaohong, ZHOU Rong, LI Xuebei. Discussion on the Conversational Transmission Path of Sports Event Disputes in the Context of Social Media——Taking the 3,000-Meter Short Track Speed Skating Penalty Event at Pyeongchang Winter Olympics as An Example [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2019, 45(2): 1-6.
[12]	LIU Jiangshan, ZHANG Qingwen, TAI Chongxi, ZHAO Shengguo, SONG Liang. Knowledge Map-based Visualization Analysis of Speed Skating in China [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2017, 43(6): 65-72.
[13]	WANG Shuai, ZHOU Jihe. Virtual Kinematic Reconstruction of the Start Action of Elite Male Short Track Speed Skaters under New Rules: A Comparison Analysis [J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2017, 43(4): 105-110.