Abstract: The advent of the big data era has greatly affected the research paradigm of sport science and made sport science face a new wave of reform. Big data not only brings new changes to sports theory, but also provides important guidelines for sports scholars to change their thinking. This paper, using the methods of literature research and logical inference, first introduces sports big data, then focuses on the framework of sports discipline system in China and its research progress in 9 branches in the big data era. Finally, this paper proposes the 3 development trends of sports discipline research in China in the big data era, that is, from limited samples to big data, multi-modal sports data, knowledge-data co-driven research. This may help construct a new research paradigm of sport science with big data technology as the core.