关键词: 竞技体能训练, 基础体能, 专项体能, 功能性训练, 运动训练

Abstract: In order to cope with the challenges of professionalization of competitive sports, intensification of events and normalization of athletes' injuries, functional training has been introduced into competitive sports, which has injected new content into China's competitive physical fitness training and also brought some new problems. Recently, “vigorously supplementing” the shortcomings of basic physical fitness has caused some well-known athletes to loose their qualification for the finals due to their basic physical fitness failing to meet the standard, which has triggered a debate in the academic and social circles on the rationality of strengthening basic physical fitness and the scientificity of basic physical fitness test. The essence of the above argument is the essential attribute of functional training and the relationship among basic physical training, special physical training and functional training. It is of positive significance for the scientific and systematic development of competitive physical training in China to clarify the above-mentioned physical training related problems and explore coping strategies. The research shows that: (1) the essential attribute of functional training is physical fitness training, which is an integral part of the content system of competitive physical fitness training. Its training effect is mainly to correct athletes' bad posture, prevent sports injuries, and improve movement performance. Functional training and special physical fitness training are mutually inherited to jointly promote the improvement of competitive physical fitness. (2) Special physical fitness training has little internal relationship with basic physical fitness training, and the training benefits are difficult to be effectively transferred from basic physical fitness training. (3) In order to meet the needs of the development of the new situation of modern competitive physical fitness training, we should scientifically plan competitive physical fitness training and dialectically treat “vigorously supplement the shortcomings of physical fitness”; Reasonably position various physical training to accurately improve its training effect; clarify the division of labor between the head coach and the physical coach, and strengthen the cooperation between them; promote the digital transformation of competitive physical fitness training, and strive to achieve intelligent upgrading.

Key words: competitive physical training, basic physical fitness, special physical fitness, functional training, athletic Training