Abstract: Returned students in physical education in modern times were the backbone to promote the development of modern sports in China. This paper attempts to answer these questions by surveying the basic profiles of modern women who studied physical education in Japan and the United States, their social activities after returning to China, and their contributions to modern Chinese sports.The findings show that although the number of female students specializing in physical education in modern times is small, their study abroad exerted great influence. Acting as both a medium and a carrier for the exchanges of sports culture between China and foreign countries, they promoted the mutual understanding between foreign countries and China, and established the image of a new generation of Chinese women before the world. They were both the receivers and the integrators in absorbing foreign women's sports culture, and both the pioneers and the trailblazers in constructing women's sports culture in modern China. They are not only an important part of the history of modern education in China, but also a crucial link in the modernization process of Chinese women's physical education.