冬奥会比赛小项的主场效应特征及对中国备战北京2022冬奥会的启示

doi:10.15942/j.jcsu.2022.01.014

成都体育学院学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 85-91.doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2022.01.014

冬奥会比赛小项的主场效应特征及对中国备战北京2022冬奥会的启示

何依蔓¹, 欧欣蓉¹, 胡旭¹, 林孟², 李娟¹, 田慧¹

1.北京体育大学国际体育组织学院,北京 100084;
2.北京体育大学中国冰上运动学院,北京 100084

收稿日期:2021-07-27 修回日期:2021-09-24 出版日期:2022-01-15 发布日期:2022-01-30
通讯作者: 田慧,教授,博士研究生导师,研究方向:体育人文社会学、中外体育人文交流。E-mail: tianhui@bsu.edu.cn。
作者简介:何依蔓,博士研究生,讲师,研究方向:中外体育人文交流、青少年体育。E-mail: heyiman@bsu.edu.cn。

Home Advantage in the Winter Olympic Events and Its Implications for China's Preparation towards 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games

HE Yiman¹, OU Xinrong¹, HU Xu¹, LIN Meng², LI Juan¹, TIAN Hui¹

1. School of International Sport Organizations, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084;
2. China Ice Sports College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084

Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2021-09-24 Online:2022-01-15 Published:2022-01-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:基于近10届冬奥会比赛小项中的主场效应特征,为中国备战北京2022冬奥会提出建议。方法:将近10届冬奥会所有比赛小项分为:(1)场地差异项目、主观评分项目和其他项目(2)冰上和雪上项目(3)男子、女子和混合项目。使用威尔科克森符号秩检验对主场优势系数进行统计学分析。结果:(1)场地差异(0.05＜P＜0.1)和主观评分项目(P＜0.05)具有主场效应趋势;(2)冰上项目有显著主场效应(P＜0.01),具有场地差异的冰上项目有显著主场效应(P＜0.05);(3)主观评分的雪上项目有显著主场效应(P＜0.05);(4)男子项目有显著主场效应(P＜0.01),其场地差异、主观评分以及其他项目中均出现主场效应趋势(0.05＜P＜0.1;0.05＜P＜0.1;P＜0.05)。结论:冬奥会不同类型的比赛小项主场优势效应程度不一,场地熟悉度、主观评分和性别等可能是重要影响因素。中国备战北京2022冬奥会时,应结合疫情防控实践着力增强主场效应,实现突破;冰上和雪上项目实行差异化备战,重冰稳雪;关注男女运动员竞赛心理和竞赛表现上的差异,激发潜能。

关键词: 冬奥会, 主场优势, 比赛小项, 备战策略, 奥运会, 主场效应

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to explore the features of home advantage in Winter Olympic events, and put forward China's preparation strategies towards the Beijing 2022 Winter Games. Methods: All events in the last 10 Winter Olympics were included and grouped into (1) events at variable venues, with subjective judgement and other events; (2) events on ice and on snow; (3) men's, women's and mixed events. The effects of home advantage in all events were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Significant home advantage is found in: (1) events at variable venues and with subjective judgement (0.05＜P＜0.1; P＜0.05); (2) ice events on the whole (P＜0.01) and ice events at variable venues (P＜0.05); (3) snow events with subjective judgement (P＜0.05); and (4) men's events (P＜0.01), which showed home advantage regardless of differences in familiarity with venues and subjective judgement. Conclusion: Home advantage varies for different types of Winter Olympic events. Familiarity with the venues, subjective judgement and gender are possible correlates of home advantage. Implications: When preparing for the Beijing 2022 Winter Games, China should (1) adopt COVID-specific preparation strategies to strengthen its home advantage; (2) adopt different development strategies for ice and snow events; (3) address the differences in psychology and performance between male and female athletes to bring out the best possible performances.

Key words: Winter Olympic Games, home advantage, events, preparation strategy, Olympic Games, home-field effect

中图分类号:

G811.21

何依蔓, 欧欣蓉, 胡旭, 林孟, 李娟, 田慧. 冬奥会比赛小项的主场效应特征及对中国备战北京2022冬奥会的启示[J]. 成都体育学院学报, 2022, 48(1): 85-91.

HE Yiman, OU Xinrong, HU Xu, LIN Meng, LI Juan, TIAN Hui. Home Advantage in the Winter Olympic Events and Its Implications for China's Preparation towards 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games[J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2022, 48(1): 85-91.

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链接本文: https://cdtyxb.cdsu.edu.cn/CN/10.15942/j.jcsu.2022.01.014

https://cdtyxb.cdsu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V48/I1/85

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冬奥会比赛小项的主场效应特征及对中国备战北京2022冬奥会的启示

Home Advantage in the Winter Olympic Events and Its Implications for China's Preparation towards 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games

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