七人制橄榄球运动生物学特征研究进展

doi:10.15942/j.jcsu.2021.05.019

成都体育学院学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 119-126.doi: 10.15942/j.jcsu.2021.05.019

七人制橄榄球运动生物学特征研究进展

黄筱君¹, 缪律², 虞丽娟³, 王杰¹

1.上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海 200438;
2.上海交通大学体育系,上海 200240;
3.上海市政协,上海 200003

收稿日期:2021-05-11 修回日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-09-26
通讯作者: 缪律,博士,讲师,研究方向:体育教育训练学。E-mail:miaolv@aliyun.com。
作者简介:黄筱君,博士研究生,研究方向:体育教育训练学。E-mail:sarangheyosky@yeah.net。

Research Progress on Biological Characteristics of Rugby Sevens

HUANG Xiaojun¹, MIAO Lv², YU Lijuan³, WANG Jie¹

1. School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438;
2. Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240;
3. Shanghai Committee of the CPPCC, Shanghai 200003

Received:2021-05-11 Revised:2021-07-15 Published:2021-09-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 七人制橄榄球的场地、规则与十五人制橄榄球类似,但其人数少、节奏快,因此普及程度高,并成为夏奥会正式比赛项目。七人制橄榄球相关研究显示:(1)国际级七人制橄榄球运动员身材高、体重大、体脂低。(2)七人制橄榄球运动员具备集体球类项目运动员的速度和耐力,兼具对抗类项目运动员的力量,重复冲刺跑是评价运动员供能水平的重要指标。(3)国际级男子七人制橄榄球运动员比赛的跑动距离为96～121 m/min,女子为87～103 m/min,高强度跑动能力是衡量运动员专项成绩的关键指标。(4)不同水平七人制橄榄球运动员的差异主要体现在持续跑动能力和灵敏素质,国际级男女运动员均呈现出位置差异,后卫的跑动能力优于前锋。未来一方面要加强对七人制橄榄球运动员形态、机能和素质的测定,构建起七人制橄榄球项目运动员的“冠军模型”,另一方面要加强七人制橄榄球比赛和训练负荷的监控,提高赛练结合程度。

关键词: 七人制橄榄球, 运动学, 形态学, 生理学

Abstract: The rules of rugby sevens are similar to rugby union, while it has a smaller number of players and enjoys higher popularity and has become an official event of Summer Olympic Games. Our research reveals that: (1) International rugby sevens players are tall, heavy and low in body fat. (2) Rugby sevens players have the speed and endurance of team sport players and the strength of combat players. Repeated sprint is an important index to evaluate players' energy supply. (3) The running distance in international matches for males and females players is 96-121 m/min and 87-103 m/min respectively. High intensity running ability is the index to measure player's performance. (4) The differences between rugby sevens players at different levels mainly lie in their running ability and agility. International players show difference in position, and the running rability of guards is better than forwards. In the future, we should strengthen the measurement of the form, function and quality of rugby sevens to build a "champion model" on one hand. And on the other hand, we should strengthen monitoring match load and training load to improve the combination of competition and training.

Key words: rugby sevens, kinematics, morphology, physiology

中图分类号:

G804.23

黄筱君, 缪律, 虞丽娟, 王杰. 七人制橄榄球运动生物学特征研究进展[J]. 成都体育学院学报, 2021, 47(5): 119-126.

HUANG Xiaojun, MIAO Lv, YU Lijuan, WANG Jie. Research Progress on Biological Characteristics of Rugby Sevens[J]. Journal of Chengdu Sport University, 2021, 47(5): 119-126.

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链接本文: https://cdtyxb.cdsu.edu.cn/CN/10.15942/j.jcsu.2021.05.019

https://cdtyxb.cdsu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V47/I5/119

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七人制橄榄球运动生物学特征研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Characteristics of Rugby Sevens

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