Abstract: By methods of literature review, expert interview, mathematical statistics and logical analysis, the present paper studies the block training innovation design for Chinese Women’s Double Sculls Team and its implementation effect, aiming to explore the annual rowing training cycle so as to provide scientific training theory and practical guidance for Chinese rowing team in the new Olympic preparation cycle. Besides, the paper tries to further develop and consolidate the role of micro cycle training theory in competitive sports training. The conclusion indicates that: (1) the training plan for the Olympic year can be divided into 5 interconnected blocks, i.e. aerobic preparation period, altitude training period, consolidation period, pre-competition preparation period, and pre-competition training period. (2) The training load arrangement adopts the low intensity training mode with large amount of exercise and high aerobic proportion. Training load in the blocks exhibits periodic variation, i.e. large amount of exercise in the aerobic preparation period, reduction of load in the altitude training period, addition of load in the consolidation period, large amount of exercise in pre-compitition preparation period and pre-competition training period. The respiratory muscle training method was introduced to improve the effect of players’ breathing rhythm and technique rhythm in competition, which in turn effectively enhanced the team’s final sprint ability. (3) In terms of the effect of training, annual cycle training blocks for Chinese women’s double sculls team is reasonable and successful. i.e. the training effect of hemoglobin and blood urea_the two body function indexes, was good, the maximum work performance of dynamometer increased in twists and turns, and medals won at the World Cup and the Olympic Games increased too.