Abstract: This paper discusses the relations and mutual influence of synchronized swimming coach’s leadership behavior, athlete’s character traits and athlete’s general self-efficacy. The researchers collected through scale test the data of 81 synchronized athletes from Jiangshu Province and made correlation and multiple linear regression analysis of the data with statistical software. The research results show that: (1) different dimension s of coach’s leadership behavior could significantly help predict athlete’s general self-efficacy; (2) different leadership behaviors could significantly help predict athlete’s different character traits; (3) different dimensions of athlete’s character traits have varying degrees of mediating effect between coach’s leadership behavior and athlete’s general self-efficacy.