关键词: 体育人才, 奥运冠军, 成长特点, 时空分布, 影响因素, 女性

Abstract: Based on the database of female champions in the summer Olympic Games, the paper researches the characteristics and spatial and temporal distributions of outstanding Chinese sports talents with the result indicating that the average age of women champions in summer Olympic Games is 22.7 and most of them come from ordinary and poor families. There are more and more highly educated women Olympic champions, but they are still inferior to those ordinary students with the same education in terms of their actual knowledge. The number of female athletes selected by instructors to participate in competitive sports training is much higher than the number of those who do it because of their own interests. From the angle of time, the number of female champions in the summer Games number is seen to drop first, to change, to steadily rise and then to drop again, which is respectively influenced by the absence of the traditional major gold medal countries, the insufficiency of competition experience because of initial entry, the rapid development of sports and the effect of the hosting country. From the space, all previous female champions in the summer Games in China are distributed quite differently, with the eastern coastal areas gradually developing into the meeting grounds of women Olympic champions and the championship events distributing differently between different provinces and regions. Nature, economy, social and cultural environment all work together as the factors to influence the spatial distribution of female champions’ distribution

Key words: sports talents, Olympic champions, development characteristics, spatial and temporal distribution, influencing factors, women