关键词: 社会网络分析, Tiki-Taka, 足球战术打法, 传球, 可视化

Abstract: Objective: To explore the characteristics and laws of Tiki-Taka tactics in Spain. Methods: Make visual analysis of the passing data of Spanish team in 2016 European Cup and 2014 World Cup by means of video observation and social network analysis. Results: The overall passing network of the Spanish team is composed of three circles: the network center, the middle and the edge. The core of the transmission and control is mainly composed of the middle and back field players; the network connection and the thickness show that the Spanish team passes the ball in a fixed small group. Having a higher network density and better network distance, the Spanish players can pass the ball more closely, frequently, and smoothly; the local network analysis shows that the core-edge structure of pass network is more reasonable, The left side of the middle-rear field and the right side of the middle-front field are the core areas of ball control; the separate network analysis shows that players with higher centrality in Spanish team are vanguards and backs. Conclusion: Intricate pass and control are the core idea of Tiki-Taka tactics, which stress the control of midfield. The stable offensive and defensive system in midfield and backfield provide strong support for the tactics; high- level personal pass and control are the basis of Tiki-Taka tactics, and high ball control rate is a remarkable characteristic of the tactics. Ball control features medium- and short-distance pass penetration, and the tactical purpose is achieved by circle-by-circle advancement.

Key words: social network analysis, Tiki-Taka, football tactical play, passing, visualization