Abstract: Based on new institutional economics theory, this present paper analyzed the systematic reasons for the recovery of British Olympic competitive sports, finding that the recovery can be attributed to: the rational design of Olympic competition organization system, coordinated Olympic competition production system, sound institutional implementation mechanism. Enlightenment derived from these include: appropriate organization scale is the premise to improve the efficiency of Olympic competition production; changing the extensive investment mode of Olympic competition is the key to improve the training benefit of reserve talents; perfect supervision and feedback mechanism is the guarantee for the efficiency of Olympic competition system; and efficient education-employment promotion system is a source of incentive to attract Olympic reserve talents.